摘要肝移植历经近60年的发展，手术技术日臻完善，但目前术后排斥反应仍然是制约移植物和患者长期存活的关键因素之一。免疫耐受是指免疫系统接触抗原后的特异性免疫无应答或低应答状态，是器官移植术后的最理想状态，而肝脏作为免疫豁免器官，也最容易诱导出免疫耐受状态。目前大量的试验研究已经证实免疫耐受与肝移植术后多种细胞和分子机制有关，但实现临床转化仍有待进一步研究。本文就目前肝移植术后免疫耐受的研究现状进行综述，以阐释其可能机制和诱导方法。

abstractsLiver transplantation has been developed for nearly 60 years, and the operation technology has been improved day by day. However, the rejection is still one of the key factors that restrict the long-term survival of the graft and patients. Immune tolerance refers to the state of specific immune non response or low response after the immune system contacts the antigen, which is the most ideal state after organ transplantation, and the liver, as an immune immunity organ, is also the most easy to induce immune tolerance state. At present, a large number of experimental studies have confirmed that immune tolerance is related to a variety of cellular and molecular mechanisms after liver transplantation, but the realization of clinical transformation remains to be further studied. In this paper, the current research status of immune tolerance after liver transplantation was reviewed to explain its possible mechanism and induction methods.