摘要目的:探讨中药保留灌肠对慢性肾衰竭患者肾功能、炎性反应水平及肾脏血流状态的影响。方法:选取开封市中医院糖尿病肾病科2020年10月至2021年10月期间收治的109例慢性肾衰竭患者作为研究对象，利用机械抽样法将其分为对照组和观察组。对照组54例患者给予常规中医辨证施护，观察组55例患者在对照组治疗的基础上给予中药保留灌肠。对比两组患者肾功能、炎性反应水平、肾脏血流状态及不良反应情况。结果:干预后，观察组患者血尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen, BUN)、血清肌酐(serum creatinine, SCr)水平低于对照组，肾小球滤过率(glomerular filtration rate, GFR)水平高于对照组( P<0.05)；观察组患者白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6, IL-6)、超敏-C反应蛋白(hypersensitive C-reactive protein, hs-CRP)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α)含量均低于对照组( P<0.05)；观察组患者肾主动脉及肾段动脉的血流速度(blood flow velocity, Vs)、血管阻力(vascular resistance, RI)变化幅度大于对照组( P<0.05)；对照组患者不良反应发生率为9.26%(5/54)，观察组患者不良反应发生率为9.09%(5/55)，差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)。 结论:中药保留灌肠可以通过促进代谢及毒素排出，有效减轻慢性肾衰竭患者的炎性反应，增强肾脏血流灌注，改善残存肾功能，且不增加不良反应发生风险，安全性较高，临床辅助效果佳。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine retention enema on renal function, inflammatory response and renal blood flow in patients with chronic renal failure.Methods:A total of 109 patients with chronic renal failure in Department of Diabetic Nephrology, Kaifeng Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2020 to October 2021 were enrolled in this study, and randomly divided into the control group and observation group by mechanical sampling method. Fifty-four patients in the control group were given conventional Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation and nursing intervention measures, 55 patients in the observation group were given TCM retention enema on the basis of the control group treatment. The renal function, inflammatory reaction level, renal blood flow status and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:After the intervention, the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) level of the observation group was higher than that of the control group ( P<0.05). The level of interleukin-6 (IL-6), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) of the observation group were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05). The changes in blood flow velocity (Vs) and vascular resistance (RI) were more significant than those in the control group ( P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was 9.26%(5/54) in the control group, and 9.09%(5/55) in the observation group ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Traditional Chinese Medicine retention enema can effectively reduce the inflammatory response in patients with chronic renal failure by promoting metabolism and toxin excretion, increase the renal blood perfusion, and improve residual renal function without increasing the risk of adverse reactions.