摘要儿童血液肿瘤康复者不同程度地存在继发性免疫功能缺陷，容易受各种传染病影响健康甚至危害生命，并可能成为传染源，影响周围人群及社区人群的健康。预防接种是最简单有效的预防传染病的措施，但由于对这类康复者预防接种安全性、有效性及禁忌证方面认识不足，以及疫苗接种资质限制等原因，该群体的预防接种工作在我国尚处于空白。现对目前国外儿童血液肿瘤康复者疫苗接种的一些共识进行综述，旨在为我国此项临床工作的实施提供参考。

abstractsChildren who recovered from hematological malignancies have different degrees of secondary immunodeficiency.They are prone to acquire various infectious diseases, thus affecting their health and even endangering their life and may become the source of infection that affects the health of the surrounding people and residents of co-mmunities.Preventive vaccination is the easiest and most effective measure to prevent infectious diseases.However, in addition to the limited qualification of vaccination, due to the lack of the understanding to the safety, effectiveness and contraindications in the vaccination for this type of patients, there still exists blankness in the preventive vaccination work for this group in China.This paper summarizes some consensus on the vaccination for discharged patients of hematological malignancies in light of providing reference for the implementation of this clinical work in China.