摘要目的:以柯氏模型为理论框架评价中华护理学会首届静脉治疗专科护士的培训效果。方法:本研究为横断面调查研究。采用便利抽样法，于2021年4月抽取来自全国各级医疗机构参加中华护理学会2020年静脉治疗专科护士培训的259名护士作为研究对象。采用静脉治疗专科护士培训效果调查问卷从反应层、学习层、行为层和结果层4个方面评价培训效果。共发放问卷259份，回收有效问卷169份，有效回收率为65.3%。结果:反应层方面，259名静脉治疗专科护士对网络理论培训的总体满意度为（93.83±8.20）分，对基地的总体满意度为（97.15±6.61）分。学习层方面，259名静脉治疗专科护士理论考试成绩为（82.90±6.42）分，操作考核成绩均>90分；169名静脉治疗专科护士对理论知识、专科技术与能力、沟通咨询与合作能力、科研能力和教学能力的自评得分分别为（8.17±1.23）、（8.39±1.15）、（8.82±1.18）、（6.36±1.99）、（7.91±1.60）分。行为层方面，36名（21.3%，36/169）静脉治疗专科护士反映培训前后开展/承担的工作无变化。50%以上的静脉治疗专科护士开展的静脉治疗临床工作（如置管、维护、并发症处理等）、带教/培训、加入静脉治疗小组、经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管护理门诊/会诊工作方面无变化。结果层方面，169名静脉治疗专科护士职业认同均分为（4.36±0.51）分。结论:柯氏模型有效评估了静脉治疗专科护士的培训效果，能够为培训方案的改进提供参考依据。开展静脉治疗专科护士培训项目能够提高临床护士的静脉治疗相关理论知识和临床实践技能，提升岗位胜任力和职业认同感，但网络课程设计有待优化，静脉治疗专科护士科研能力有待进一步提升，专科护士的作用有待进一步发挥。

abstractsObjective:To explore the training effect of the first intravenous therapy specialist nurses of the Chinese Nursing Association using the Kirkpatrick model as a theoretical framework.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional survey. In April 2021, convenience sampling was used to select 259 nurses from medical institutions at all levels across the country who participated in the Chinese Nursing Association's 2020 intravenous therapy specialist nurse training as the research subject. The training effect was evaluated with the Intravenous Therapy Specialist Nurse Training Effectiveness Questionnaire from four aspects, namely, the reaction level, learning level, behavior level and result level. A total of 259 questionnaires were distributed, and 169 were valid questionnaires, with a valid recovery rate of 65.3%.Results:In terms of the reaction level, the overall satisfaction of the 259 intravenous therapy specialist nurses with the network theory training was (93.83±8.20) , and the overall satisfaction with the base was (97.15±6.61) . In terms of learning level, 259 intravenous therapy specialist nurses scored (82.90±6.42) in the theoretical test, and the scores in the operation test were all>90, and the self-evaluation scores of 169 intravenous therapy specialist nurses on theoretical knowledge, specialized skills and abilities, communication, consultation and cooperation abilities, scientific research abilities and teaching abilities were (8.17±1.23) , (8.39±1.15) , (8.82±1.18) , (6.36±1.99) , and (7.91±1.60) respectively. In terms of behavior level, 36 (21.3%, 36/169) intravenous therapy specialist nurses reported that there was no change in the work performed or undertaken before and after the training. More than 50% of the intravenous therapy specialist nurses performed no change in the clinical work of intravenous therapy (such as catheterization, maintenance, treatment of complications) , teaching/training, joining the intravenous therapy group, and peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) nursing clinic/consultation. In terms of result level, the average score of professional identity among 169 intravenous therapy specialist nurses was (4.36±0.51) .Conclusions:The Kirkpatrick model effectively evaluates the training effect of intravenous therapy specialist nurses, and can provide a reference for the improvement of the training. Carrying out the intravenous therapy specialist nurse training can improve clinical nurses' theoretical knowledge and clinical practice skills related to intravenous therapy, and enhance their job competence and professional identity. However, the design of online courses needs to be optimized, the scientific research ability of intravenous therapy specialist nurses needs to be further improved, and the role of specialist nurses needs to be further brought into play.