摘要经鼻高流量氧疗（HFNC）是一种呼吸支持策略，以设定的氧浓度和速度输送湿化和加温氧气，用于治疗呼吸衰竭。HFNC通气失败涉及众多因素，治疗失败可能会增加病死率。目前，预测HFNC治疗失败的危险因素众多，ROX指数及其衍生出的预测因子或预测模型应用最为广泛，可以帮助识别有气管插管风险的患者，但尚未有统一的临界值。当使用HFNC时，临床医生需要动态评估，借助预测因素及综合患者的实际情况做出决策，以改善患者的预后。

abstractsHigh-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a respiratory support strategy,which delivers humidified and heated oxygen at a set oxygen concentration and speed to correct respiratory failure.The failure of HFNC ventilation involves many factors,and the failure of treatment may increase the mortality.At present,respiratory rate-oxygenation index and its related predictors or models are widely used as predictors of failure in HFNC treatment,which can help identify patients at risk of tracheal intubation,but there is no uniform critical value.When using HFNC,clinicians need dynamic evaluation,and make decisions with the help of predictive factors and the actual situation of patients to improve the prognosis.