摘要随着我国儿童近视患病率的逐年攀升，近视防控的策略与方法逐步增多，其中角膜塑形镜是倍受瞩目的矫正近视的技术方法之一。近年来，国内开展此项技术的机构不断增加，患儿及其家属对该技术的接受度也越来越高，与此同时，角膜塑形镜的安全性问题也越来越受到关注，尤其是相关感染并发症，其中棘阿米巴角膜感染，成为了最受关注的问题之一。棘阿米巴感染起病缓慢，早期临床表现极为不典型，非常容易被误诊为病毒性角膜炎或真菌性角膜炎，以致使病情延误，甚至加重，给后续诊治带来较多困难，严重时可造成患儿的视功能不可逆的损伤。因此，有必要加强临床角膜塑形镜验配人员对棘阿米巴角膜炎早期临床表现的认识，提高早期诊断水平，认真做好各种危险因素的防控，减少由并发症造成的不利影响。

abstractswith the increasing prevalence of myopia in Chinese children, there are more methods for its prevention and control.Orthokeratology is one of the most appealing techniques for myopia correction.In recent years, an increasing number of hospitals have applied this technology, and its acceptance among patients is increasing.The safety of the orthokeratology have drawn increasing attention, especially in relation to orthokeratology-associated infectious keratitis.Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is one of the most worrying diseases.The onset of AK is slow, and its early clinical manifestation is particularly atypical, which often leads to incorrectly diagnosis, so as to mistreatment or delay of medical therapy, and subsequently irreversible impairment of visual function.Therefore, it is very important to reinforce the knowledge of its early symptoms in order to improve the early diagnosis level, and manage the associated risk factors.Early diagnosis and promper treatment can contribute to good visual outcomes.