摘要多年来，流行病学研究促进了我们对青少年近视患病率、近视发病规律及其危险因素等多方面的认知，也为近视防控提供了多种有效的新型干预手段。现笔者对既往近视相关的重要流行病学研究和多个国家的近视防控成功经验进行总结和分析，提出包括构建近视防控"筛-诊-防-治"四位一体的全链条模式，加速推进教育减负、增加户外活动等普适性防控举措，加强近视防控知识宣传以及加强科研投入和转化等，为我国近视防控工作提供参考建议。

abstractsFor years, epidemiological research has greatly promoted our understanding of the prevalence of myopia, the onset and development of myopia, risk factors of myopia, and a variety of interventions for myopia control. This article summarized and analyzed the important epidemiological researches for myopia, as well as the successful policy to reduce the prevalence of myopia in many countries, so as to condense the enlightenment for the prevention and control of myopia in China, including the establishment of a four-in-one system to screen, diagnose, prevent and treat myopia, reducing the burden of education, increasing time outdoors, promoting transformation studies, etc.