摘要1例53岁女性结肠癌Ⅳa期患者接受7个周期标准化疗方案治疗后，因疾病进展，使用呋喹替尼（5 mg口服、1次/d，第1~21天，28 d为1个周期）治疗，20 d后突发意识障碍伴肢体抽搐，血压200/150 mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa），尿蛋白（+++），磁共振成像（MRI）增强检测示双侧额颞顶枕叶多发皮层及皮层下异常信号，诊断为可逆性后部白质脑病综合征，考虑为呋喹替尼所致。停用该药，予吸氧、降压、镇静和抗癫痫等对症治疗2 d后，患者意识情况较前好转，未再出现肢体抽搐，血压130/80 mmHg；8 d后患者病情稳定，呋喹替尼减量后再次服用。1个月后复查，MRI增强检测未见明显异常。

abstractsA 53-year-old female patient with stage Ⅳa colon cancer received 7 cycles of standard chemotherapy regimen. Due to the progression of the condition, she was treated with fruquintinib (5 mg once daily orally on day 1-21, 28 days as one cycle). After 20 days of treatments, the patient experienced sudden consciousness disorders, accompanied by limb convulsions. Her blood pressure was 200/150 mmHg, with urinary protein (+++). Enhanced MRI showed multiple cortical and subcortical abnormal signals in the bilateral frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome caused by fruquintinib was considered. Then the drug was discontinued. After 2 days of symptomatic treatments such as oxygen therapy, blood pressure reduction, sedation, and antiepileptic therapy, the patient′s consciousness was improved, no limb convulsions occurred and her blood pressure was 130/80 mmHg. After 8 days of treatments, the patient′s condition stabilized and fruquintinib was given again after reducing the dosage. At an one month follow-up, MRI enhancement showed no significant abnormalities.