摘要目的:探讨结肠下区肠系膜上动脉优先入路在可切除胰头癌外科治疗中的临床应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2016年1月至2019年12月间首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院肝胆外科79例行根治性胰十二指肠切除术(PD)的可切除胰头癌患者的临床资料，根据手术入路方式分为动脉优先入路组(动脉优先组，48例)和常规入路组(常规组，31例)。动脉优先组为在结肠下区先探查肠系膜上动脉，判断肿瘤可切除后切断肿瘤血供，再切除肿瘤，并常规吻合。常规组行传统的根治性PD。观察两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术中输血情况、淋巴结转移、淋巴结清扫个数、切除标准、肿瘤长径、肿瘤分化程度、术后并发症(胰瘘、胃排空障碍、腹腔出血、胆瘘、腹泻等)发生情况、术后住院时间及术后化疗情况。采用门诊和(或)电话方式进行随访，了解患者生存情况。随访时间截至2021年3月。采用Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率。结果:与常规组比较，动脉优先组患者的术中出血量明显减少(400 ml比600 ml， P＝0.005)，术中输血率明显下降(39.6%比64.5%， P＝0.030)，淋巴结清扫个数明显增加(19个比13个， P＝0.024)，R 0切除率明显提高(83.3%比58.1%， P＝0.013)，但腹泻发生率明显增加(39.6%比16.1%， P＝0.027)，差异均有统计学意义。动脉优先组和常规组的中位生存时间均为19个月，1、2、3年总体生存率分别为72.0%、39.5%、28.5%和64.1%、33.7%、15.4%，无瘤中位生存时间为15个月和12个月，差异均无统计学意义，但动脉优先组患者的1、2、3年无瘤生存率明显提高(61.2%、39.5%、25.9%比46.0%、21.3%、7.1%， P＝0.042)，差异有统计学意义。 结论:结肠下区肠系膜上动脉优先入路可提高R 0切除率，延长患者术后生存时间，减少复发，改善患者预后。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of superior mesenteric artery priority approach in infracolic compartment in the surgical treatment of resectable pancreatic head cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 79 patients with resectable pancreatic head cancer who underwent radical pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) in the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2016 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the surgical approach, they were divided into arterial priority approach group (arterial priority group, 48 cases) and conventional approach group (conventional approach group, 31 cases). The arterial priority group was to first explore the superior mesenteric artery in the subcolone, then cut off the tumor blood supply after ascertaining that the tumor can be removed, and finally remove the tumor and anastomose it routinely. The conventional approach group underwent traditional radical PD. The operation time, intraoperative bleeding, intraoperative blood transfusion, lymph node metastasis, number of lymph node dissections, resection criteria, tumor length diameter, degree of tumor differentiation, occurrence of postoperative complications (pancreatic fistula, impaired gastric emptying, abdominal bleeding, biliary fistula and diarrhea), postoperative hospital stay and postoperative chemotherapy were observed. The patients were followed up by the way of outpatient and/or telephone. The follow-up time was up to March 2021. The survival rate was calculated by Kaplan Meier method.Results:Compared with the conventional approach group, the amount of intraoperative bleeding in the arterial priority group was significantly reduced (400 ml vs 600 ml, P=0.005), the intraoperative blood transfusion rate was significantly reduced (39.6% vs 64.5%, P=0.030), the number of lymph node dissections was significantly increased (19 vs 13, P=0.024), the R 0 resection rate was significantly increased (83.3% vs 58.1%, P=0.013), but the incidence of diarrhea was significantly increased (39.6% vs 16.1%, P=0.027). The differences were statistically significant. The median survival time of arterial priority group and conventional approach group was both 19 months. The overall survival rates of 1, 2 and 3 years were 72.0%, 39.5%, 28.5% and 64.1%, 33.7% and 15.4% respectively. The median tumor free survival time was 15 months and 12 months. There was no significant difference. However, the 1, 2 and 3-year tumor free survival rate of patients in arterial priority group was significantly improved (61.2%, 39.5% and 25.9% vs 46.0%, 21.3% and 7.1%, P=0.042) , and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions:Superior mesenteric artery priority approach in infracolic compartment can improve R 0 resection rate, prolong postoperative survival time, reduce recurrence and improve prognosis.