摘要目的 了解厦门市沿海产盐区和非产盐区碘特需人群碘营养状况,为采取针对性防治碘缺乏病措施提供依据.方法 2009年,在福建省厦门市选择沿海产盐区(翔安区)和非产盐区(集美区)为调查点,每个区采集出厂水1份和末梢水2份,检测水含碘量；选择600名8～ 10岁儿童,进行甲状腺触诊检查,并采集尿样及家中盐样,检测含碘量；选择孕妇、哺乳期妇女、0～2岁婴幼儿各60人,采集尿样、家中盐样,检测尿碘、盐含碘量.结果 翔安区、集美区水含碘量分别为3.1、6.05 μg/L,合格碘盐食用率分别为84.4％ (438/519)、98.3％ (392/399)；8～10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率分别为3.03％(19/628)、0.67％(4/600),尿碘中位数分别为202.80、238.40 μg/L,＜50μg/L的比例分别为3.5％ (14/405)、1.0％(2/202)；孕妇尿碘中位数分别为120.55、153.35μg/L,尿碘＜150 μg/L的比例分别为62.1％(46/74)、46.8％(29/62),孕早、孕中、孕晚期孕妇尿碘中位数分别为173.10、144.75、101.90μg/L,孕早期高于孕中、孕晚期(Z=6.151、3.052,P均＜0.05),孕中期高于孕晚期(Z=2.016,P＜0.05)；哺乳期妇女尿碘中位数分别为131.20、104.35μg/L,＜100 μg/L的比例分别为35.3％ (24/68)、46.7％ (28/60)；婴幼儿尿碘中位数分别为81.95、80.20 μg/L,＜100μg/L的比例分别为59.7％(37/62)、61.6％( 40/65),尿碘＜50 μg/L的比例分别为32.3％(20/62)、30.8％ (20/65).结论 产盐区的翔安区和非产盐区的集美区的哺乳期妇女、孕妇和婴幼儿的碘营养未达理想水平,其中婴幼儿和产盐区孕妇处于碘营养不足,应引起高度重视.要加强碘盐市场监管,开展对孕妇、哺乳期妇女和婴幼儿的碘营养监测,做好碘特需人群碘营养知识的宣传,及时指导科学补碘.

abstractsObjective To assess the iodine nutritional status of special target population in coastal saltproducing areas and coastal non-salt-producing areas in Xiamen city,and to provide a basis for take appropriate measures for prevention of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods The Xiang-An salt-producing areas and the JiMei non-salt-producing areas were chosen as research spots in 2009.One sample of produced water and 2 samples of tap water were collected to test iodine level; 600 children aged 8 to 10 were selected and thyroid palpation was performed,besides,the urine sample and household salt sample were also collected for iodine determination.Sixty pregnant women,breasffeeding women,and 0 - 2 year old infants were recruited,respectively,and urine samples and household salt samples were collected to perform the determination of iodine level.Results The iodine levels in drinking water of Xiang-An district and Ji-Mei district were 3.23 and 6.05 mg/L,respectively.The consumption rates of edible qualified iodinated salt were 84.4％ (438/519) and 98.3％ (392/399),respectively.The goiter rates of children aged 8 - 10 were 3.03％(19/628) and 0.67％(4/600),respectively.The medians of urinary iodine were 202.80 and 238.40 μg/L,respectively.The proportions of urinary iodine level ＜ 50 μg/L were 3.5％ (14/405) and 1.0％(2/202),respectively.The medians of urinary iodine of the pregnant women were 120.55 and 153.35 μg/L,respectively,and the proportions of urinary iodine level ＜ 150 μg/L were 62.1％ (46/74) and 46.8％ (29/62),respectively.The medians of urinary iodine in three trimester were 173.10,144.75 and 101.90 μg/L,respectively,early trimester of pregnancy ＞ second trimester and third trimester (Z =6.151,3.052,all P ＜ 0.05),second trimester ＞ third trimester (Z =2.016,P ＜ 0.05 ).The medians of urinary iodine of the breastfeeding women were 131.20 and 104.35 μg/L,respectively.The proportions of urinary iodine level ＜ 100 μg/L were 35.3％ (24/68) and 46.7％(28/60),respectively.The medians of urinary iodine of the infants were 81.95 and 80.20 μg/L,respectively,the proportions of urinary iodine level ＜ 100 μg/L were 59.7％(37/62) and 61.6％(40/65),respectively,＜ 50 μg/L were 32.3％ (20/62) and 30.8％ (20/65),respectively.Conclusions The levels of iodine nutrition in pregnant women,breastfeeding women,and 0 - 2 year old infants from Xiang-An district and Ji-Mei district in Xiamen city are still below the desired level of iodine nutrition,and the infants and pregnant women in coastal salt-producing areas are poor in iodine nutrition,we should pay close attention.We should strengthen market supervision on iodized salt,carried out iodine nutrition monitoring on pregnant women,breasffeeding women,and infants,and disseminate knowledge of iodine nutrition among high-risk population should be carried out immediately.