摘要目的 调查辽宁省饮水型地方性氟中毒病区儿童氟斑牙的流行现况,评价改水措施的防病效果.方法 2011年9月,在辽宁省海城市、凌海市、法库县、阜蒙县、辽阳县、建平县6个地方性氟中毒病区县(市),每个县抽取3个已改水病区村,共18个病区村作为调查点.各调查村普查8～12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况.每个调查村采集1份末梢水样,进行水氟测定.结果 共检查8～12岁儿童786人,检出氟斑牙患者110人,氟斑牙检出率为14.0％,无缺损型氟斑牙病例,氟斑牙指数为0.27.其中,极轻度76例,检出率为9.7％；轻度33例,检出率为4.2％；中度1例,检出率为0.1％；重度0例.8岁组病例4例,占3.6％；9岁组病例20例,占18.2％; 10岁组病例26例,占23.6％；11岁组病例32例,占29.1％; 12岁组病例28例,占25.5％.各年龄组儿童氟斑牙检出率比较差异有统计学意义(x2=13.57,P＜0.05).采集的18份改水工程末梢水样水氟范围为0.34～ 2.03 mg/L.77.8％(14/18)的改水病区达到了地方性氟中毒病区控制标准.结论 饮水氟含量高的病区儿童氟斑牙患病率仍较高,改水措施还有待于加强.

abstractsObjective To investigate the prevalence of children dental fluorosis in drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis areas in Liaoning province and to evaluate the disease prevention effects of water improvement measures.Methods Haicheng city,Linghai city,Faku county,Fumeng county,Liaoyang county and Jianping county six endemic fluorosis diseased counties (cities) of Liaoning province were included in the study in September 2011.In each county,3 water improvement villages were selected as survey points.In each surveyed village,children aged 8-12 were generally surveyed the prevalence of dental fluorosis.One tap water sample was collected in each surveyed village for determination of water fluorine.level.Results A total of 786 children aged 8-12 were examined; 110 of them were found with dental fluorosis; detection rate of dental fluorosis was 14.0％ ; no defect case of dental fluorosis was found,and dental fluorosis index was 0.27.Among the cases,very mild were 76 cases,and the detection rate was 9.7％; mild 33 cases,the detection rate was 4.2％; moderate 1 case,the detection rate was 0.1％; and no severe case.Four cases were in the eight-year-old group,accounting for 3.6％ of the total number of cases; 20 in the 9-year-old group,accounting for 18.2％ ; 26 in the 10-year-old group,accounting for 23.6％; 32 in the 11-year-old group,accounting for 29.1％; and 28 in the 12-year-old group,accounting for 25.5％.The differences of detection rates of dental fluorosis of children in each age groups were statistically significant (x2 =13.57,P ＜ 0.05).Water fluoride of the 18 water samples ranged from 0.34 to 2.03 mg/L; 77.8％ (14/18) of the water improvement areas reached the control standard for endemic fluorosis areas.Conclusion The prevalence of dental fluorosis in the areas with high fluoride in drinking water remains high,the measures of water improvement should be strengthened.