摘要目的 掌握河南省地方性氟中毒病区饮水现状以及改水进度,为政府有关部门制定饮水型地方性氟中毒防治规划和改水工程监测提供科学依据.方法 在2010年,采用一村一表的方式,对河南省全部饮水型地方性氟中毒病区村饮水情况进行问卷式调查.结果 全省有病区村25 434个,截至2010年,已改水村数11 484个,改水率为45.15％;正常供水改水村9267个,占被调查村的36.4％(9267/25 434),占已改水村的80.7％(9267/11 484).工程已报废停用的自然村2217个,占已改水村的19.3％(2217/11 484).其中在2005-2010年进行改水的村有5832个,占全部改水村的50.8％(5832/11 484).未改水病区村有97.5％(15769/16 167)的居民户采用手压井取浅层地下水；已改水村有89.6％(8303/9267)的居民户采取打深井取深层地下水.结论 2005年以后,河南省饮水型地方性氟中毒病区改水进度明显加快,但由于病区变化和扩大,全省改水进度相对缓慢.政府应加大资金投入及提高降氟改水比例.

abstractsObjective To understand the status of drinking-water supply and the progress of waterimproving projects in drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis areas in Henan,and to provide scientific data for related government departments to carry out prevention and surveillance plan for those areas.Methods Questionnaire survey was carried out in all the villages in drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis areas in Henan in 2010.Each village was given one set of questionnaire.Results By the end of 2010,the total number of fluorosis villages in Henan was 25 434,among them 11 484 villages had been conducted water-improving projects,accounting for 45.15％.Currently,9267 water-improving projects worked properly,accounting for 36.4％(9267/25 434)of all villages surveyed,and 80.7％ (9267/11 484)villages had water-improving projects.The projects in 2217 villages do not work properly,accounting for 19.3％(2217/11 484) of all projects.There were 5832 water-imp.roving projects conducted amnog 2005-2010,accounting for 50.8％ (5832/11 484) of all water-improving projects.Among villages with no such projects,97.5％(15 769/16 167) of them used shallow groundwater,and in villages with water-improving projects,89.6％ (8303/9267) of them used deep groundwater as drinking-water supply.Conclusions After 2005,the water improving progress was significantly speed up in drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis areas in Henan,but progress of the water improving projects is relatively slow due to changing and expanding of fluorosis areas.The government should increase investment and improve the proportion of waterimproving defluoridation.