摘要目的 了解厦门市居民盐碘和孕妇、哺乳期妇女、8～10岁学生碘营养现状,为科学防治碘缺乏病提供依据.方法 2011年4-11月,按照国家统一制订方案并抽样,在厦门市以区为单位抽样.在有9个以上镇的区,按东、西、南、北、中5个方位共抽取9个镇(街道)、每个镇(街道)抽取4个行政村(居委会)、每个村(居委会)抽取8户居民；有9个和9个以下镇的区,按东、西、南、北、中5个方位各抽取1个镇(街道),镇数在5个以下的区则全部抽取,每个镇(街道)抽取4个行政村(居委会)、每个村(居委会)抽15户居民.采集居民家中盐样进行盐碘测定.每个区按东、西、南、北、中5个方位各抽取1个镇(街道),镇数在5个以下的区则全部抽取,每个镇(街道)各抽取1所小学,每所小学抽取8～ 10岁学生40名以上进行甲状腺检查,同时抽取20名学生尿样,进行尿碘测定.在思明、海沧、翔安区采集孕妇、哺乳期妇女尿样各60份以上,进行尿碘测定.学生甲状腺检查使用触诊法,盐碘测定采用直接滴定法,尿碘测定采用砷铈催化分光光度法.结果 厦门市碘盐覆盖率为98.1％(1624/1656),合格碘盐食用率为97.1％(1608/1656),非碘盐率为1.9％(32/1656);8～10岁学生甲状腺肿大率为1.13％(14/1239),尿碘中位数为203.99 μg/L,＜50 μg/L的比例为5.4％ (35/647)；孕妇尿碘中位数为152.4 μg/L,尿碘＜150μg/L的比例为45.2％(28/62);哺乳期妇女尿碘中位数为139.4 μg/L,尿碘＜100μg/L的比例为30.0％(18/60).结论 2011年,厦门市碘营养监测的各项指标继续保持“国家消除碘缺乏病标准”,但有一定数量孕妇、哺乳期妇女碘营养不足,应引起高度重视,要开展对孕妇、哺乳期妇女的碘营养监测,做好重点人群碘营养知识的宣传和科学补碘.

abstractsObjective To assess the iodine nutritional status of some vulnerable populations and iodine content in edible salt in Xiamen City for providing basic evidence for policy-making against iodine deficiency disorders(IDD).Methods This study had been initialized from April to November in 2011 and random sampling was applied in accordance with the national program.In each district 9 townships(streets) were randomly selected according to their sub-area positions in north,south,east,west and center of the district; 4 villages(neighborhood) were randomly sampled in each chosen township(street) ; 8 households were randomly selected in each chosen village (neighborhood).In every district with 9 or less township(If there were less than five towns in the district,all towns had been selected),1 township (street) was randomly selected,respectively,in north,south,east,west and center sub-areas of the district; 4 villages(neighborhood) were randomly sampled in each chosen township(street) ; 15 households were randomly selected in each chosen village(neighborhood).Edible salt samples from these households were collected.According to north,south,east,west and center position in each district,a primary school was selected in each town(if there were less than five towns in the district,all towns had been selected).Forty subjects aged from 8 to 10 in each school were randomly selected to perform thyroid examination and 20 of them were selected to collect urine samples for determination of urinary iodine.Urine samples were collected from at least 60 pregnant women and 60 lactating women at least in Siming,Haicang and Xiangan districts to determine urinary iodine.The goiter situation was examined by palpation.As for laboratory assay,salt-iodine and urine-iodine were determined by applying direct titration and arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry,respectively.Results The coverage rate of iodized salt was 98.1％(1624/1656),the rate of edible qualified iodinated salt was 97.1％(1608/1656),and the rate of noniodized salt was 1.9％ (32/1656).The adjusted goiter rate of children aged 8-10 was 1.13％ (14/1239),the median of urinary iodine was 203.99 μg/L,and the proportion of urine-iodine level ＜ 50 μg/L was 5.4％ (35/647).The median of urinary iodine of the pregnant women was 152.4 μg/L,and the proportion of urine-iodine level ＜ 150 μg/L was 45.2％(28/62).The median of urinary iodine of the lactating women was 139.4 μg/L,and the proportion of urine-iodine level ＜ 100 μg/L was 30.0％ (18/60).Conclusions All the indicators in Xiamen City have been identified as appropriate in accordance with the national standard to eliminate IDD in 2011.The levels of iodine nutrition in some pregnant women and lactating women are still lower than normal range,and we must paid more attention to them.Routine monitoring of iodine nutritional status should be carried out among pregnant women and lactating women,and knowledge on iodine nutrition should be well propagandized to prevent and control the occurrence of IDD.