摘要目的 分析2010-2014年浙江省肾综合征出血热(HFRS)疫情及宿主种群分布和带毒情况,为制订下一步防控措施提供科学依据.方法 从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中获取疫情数据,采用描述性流行病学方法分析HFRS流行特征,在浙江省5个HFRS监测点采用夹夜法捕获鼠形动物,分别取其肺和血清,用免疫荧光法检测汉坦病毒抗原和抗体,分析动物种群分布及其带毒情况.结果 2010-2014年浙江省报告HFRS病例数分别为463、539、498、521和384例,其中2010年报告3例死亡病例.病例主要集中在宁波、台州、绍兴、丽水、衢州等地区,病例数分别为611、535、336、305和229例;发病高峰集中在5-6月的春夏峰和11-12月的冬峰;高发人群年龄为25 ～＜70岁,占发病总数的87.78％(2 111/2 405);2 405例HFRS报告病例中,男性1 756例,女性649例.鼠密度监测中,全省共布放有效夹次60 895夹次,捕鼠2 563只,平均鼠密度为4.21％.鼠种监测中,共捕获鼠形动物14种3 253只.宿主动物抗原平均阳性率为3.90％(127/3253),抗体平均阳性率为7.44％(236/3 174),不同年份抗原和抗体检测结果比较差异有统计学意义(X2=20.187、38.454,P均＜0.05).监测点病例数和鼠密度进行简单线性相关分析,无相关性(r=-0.667,P＞0.05).结论 2010-2014年浙江省HFRS疫情相对平稳,应对重点地区和重点人群采取综合防控措施,进一步控制疫情.

abstractsObjective To analyze the epidemic situation of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and the population distribution and virus carrying status of the hosts in Zhejiang Province,China,from 2010 to 2014,and to provide scientific evidences for establishing further prevention and control measures.Methods Data on HFRS were collected from the Chinese Disease Reporting System,and descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFRS.Rodents were captured by night trapping in five HFRS monitoring sites in Zhejiang Province.Lung and serum samples were collected for detection of hantavirus antigen and antibody using an immunofluorescence assay,and the distribution of rodent population and virus carrying status in Zhejiang Province were analyzed.Results Cases were reported from 2010 to 2014 in Zhejiang Province (463,539,498,521 and 384 cases,respectively),and 3 dead cases were reported in 2010.The cases were mostly seen in five cities,Ningbo,Taizhou,Shaoxing,Lishui and Quzhou (611,535,336,305 and 229 cases,respectively).There were two peaks of incidence,one in spring (May-June) and the other in winter (November-December).The high risk age group of HFRS was 25-＜ 70 years,accounting for 87.78％ (2 111/2 405),the sex distribution of male was 1 756 and female was 649 (2.72:1.00).In the density monitoring,a total of 60 895 effective traps were set in the five monitoring sites,and,2 563 rodents were captured,so the average density of rodents was 4.21％.There were 14 species 3 253 rats were detected in the whole province in the rodent species monitoring.A total of 3 253 lung samples were collected and 127 were positive,positive rate was 3.90％.A total of 3 174 rodent serum samples were collected and 236 were positive,positive rate was 7.44％.There were statistically significant differences in the detection of antigen and antibody in different years (x2 =20.187,38.454,all P ＜ 0.05).There were no correlation in the number of monitoring sites and the density of rats (r =-0.667,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion From 2010 to 2014,in Zhejiang Province,the situation of HFRS epidemic is relatively stable;in key districts and populations,comprehensive measures should be taken to control the epidemic.