摘要目的 了解青海省碘缺乏病防治效果及人群碘营养现状.方法 按人口比例概率抽样方法(PPS),在青海省8个地区25个县(市、区)共抽取30个抽样单位,每个抽样单位抽取1所小学,每所小学抽取50名8～ 10岁学生,B超法测量甲状腺容积,采集儿童尿样及家中食用盐盐样,检测尿碘含量和盐碘含量.在每所小学所在乡(镇、街道办事处),抽取20名孕妇采集尿样,检测尿碘含量.结果 共检测1 607名8～ 10岁儿童甲状腺容积,甲状腺肿大率为0.25％(4/1 607);共检测1 552份盐样,盐碘中位数为25.8 mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率为93.8％(1 455/1 552),合格碘盐食用率为84.2％(1 307/1 552),非碘盐率为6.3％(97/1 552);共检测8～10岁儿童尿样1 582份,尿碘中位数为209.4μg/L,尿碘适宜(100 ～ 199μg/L)的比例为34.5％(545/1 582);检测孕妇尿样670份,尿碘中位数为133.3 μg/L,尿碘适宜(150 ～ 249 μg/L)的比例为26.7％(179/670),尿碘＜ 150μg/L的比例为56.3％(377/670).结论 8～ 10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率、尿碘水平达到国家碘缺乏病消除标准;居民合格碘盐食用率低于国家碘缺乏病消除标准(90％);孕妇碘营养水平偏低,应加强此类人群的碘摄入量.

abstractsObjective To investigate the control effect on iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) and iodine nutritional status of people in Qinghai Province.Methods According to the method of population proportionate sampling (PPS),30 sample units from 25 counties (cities,districts) of 8 areas were selected to carry out IDD surveillance.One primary school was selected in each sample unit.Totally 50 children aged 8-10 from each primary school were sampled to examine thyroid volume,and edible salt samples from their home and their urine samples were collected and tested.Totally 20 pregnant women from townships near the selected schools were chosen to detect urinary iodine.Results Totally 1 607 children aged 8-10 were examined,and their goiter rate was 0.25％ (4/1 607).Totally 1 552 salt samples were examined,and the median of salt iodine level was 25.8 mg/kg.The coverage rate of iodized salt was 93.8％ (1 455/1 552),and the consuming rate of qualified iodized salt was 84.2％ (1 307/1 552),non-iodized salt was 6.3％ (97/1 552).Totally 1 582 urine samples of children aged 8-10 were examined,and the median of urinary iodine level was 209.4 μg/L,in which suitable urinary iodine (100-199 μg/L) accounted for 34.5％ (545/1 582);670 urine samples of pregnant women were examined,and the median of urinary iodine level was 133.3 ug/L in which suitable urinary iodine (150-249 μg/L) accounted for 26.7％ (179/670),and 56.3％ (377/670) of this group was urinary iodine deficiency (＜ 150 μg/L).Conclusions The results have showed that the goiter rate and urinary iodine level of children aged 8-10 have reached the national standard of IDD elimination,while the residents consuming rate of qualified iodized salt is lower than the national standard (90％).In particular,pregnant women are iodine deficiency,they should be given more iodine.