摘要目的 总结分析敦煌至格尔木铁路(简称敦格铁路)甘肃段沿线鼠疫疫源地动物鼠疫流行现状和流行规律,为敦格铁路鼠疫防控提供参考依据.方法 采用回顾性分析方法,分析2010-2015年敦格铁路甘肃段区域(阿克塞、肃北县)旱獭数量、染蚤率及蚤指数、鼠疫血清学和病原学检测结果,铁路项目施工标段与动物疫点交叉情况.结果 2010-2015年,敦格铁路穿越区域阿克塞和肃北县旱獭总平均密度在0.23 ～ 0.41只/hm2;阿克塞疫源地旱獭寄生蚤染蚤率为11.30％～32.65％,旱獭体蚤指数为0.74～1.84;肃北县旱獭寄生蚤染蚤率为5.34％～ 14.07％,蚤指数为0.25～2.04.阿克塞和肃北县鼠疫病原学共检测旱獭2 049份,阳性142份,阳性率为6.93％;检测寄生媒介592组,阳性44份,阳性率为7.43％.旱獭检菌阳性率和其寄生媒介检菌阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(x2=0.014,P＞ 0.05).共检测旱獭血清1 719份,阳性132份,阳性率为7.68％;检测犬血清421份,阳性61份,阳性率为14.49％.旱獭血清阳性率和犬血清阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(x2=19.116,P＜0.05).铁路施工沿线发现动物疫点,2013年最多,为17处,其中疫点距施工标段最近距离0.5 km,流行范围61.02 km2,直接受威胁人数1 360人.结论 敦格铁路甘肃段沿线阿克塞、肃北区域动物鼠疫流行高度活跃.铁路开工建设过程中应做好相关防控工作,确保敦格铁路建设的顺利进行.

abstractsObjective To summarize and analyze the epidemic situation and trend of animal plague in plague foci of Gansu section of Golmud-Dunhuang railway,and provide basic reference for prevention and control of the plague.Methods The quantity of Marmot,rate of carrying fleas and flea index,plague serological and etiology detection results,the cross analyzing results of the railway section and the animal plague foci in Gansu section of Dolmud-Dunhuang railway (Akesai and Subei counties) from 2010 to 2015 were analyzed via the retrospective analysis method.Results The total average density of Marmot of Golmud-Dunhuang railway crossing area Akesai and Subei counties was between 0.23-0.41 per hectare between 2010 and 2015.The rate of parasitic dye fleas in plague foci of Akesai was between 11.30％ and 32.65％,body flea index was 0.74-1.84.The rate of parasitic fleas dye fleas in plague foci of Subei was between 5.34％ and 14.07％,the flea index was 0.25-2.04.The etiology detection Marmot plague of Akesai and Subei was 2 049,142 of them were positive,the positive rate was 6.93％;592 groups of vector were detected,44 of them were positive;the positive rate was 7.43％.There was no statistically significant difference between inspection bacteria rate and parasitic vector inspection rate of Marmot (x2 =0.014,P ＞ 0.05).Totally 1 719 serums of Marmot were tested,132 of them were positive,the positive rate was 7.68％.Totally 421 serums of Canis lupus familiaris were detected,61 of them were positive,the positive rate was 14.49％.There was statistically significant difference between the serum positive rate of Marmot and Canis lupus familiaris (x2 =19.116,P ＜ 0.05).Totally 17 animal foci were found along the railway in 2013,the nearest distance of the foci of bid from construction was 0.5 km,popular area was 61.02 km2,and 1 360 people were directly threatened.Conclusions Animal plague in Akesai and Subei regions along Golmud-Dunhuang railway is highly active.So we must take effective measures to guarantee the smooth progress of railway construction.