摘要目的 了解河南省安阳市农村居民碘营养现状,为调整补碘政策提供依据.方法 2015年,在安阳市的汤阴县和安阳县按东、西、南、北、中5个方位各抽取1个乡,每个乡抽取4个村,每个村抽取15户居民,采集厨房食用盐检测盐碘;同时采集1份末梢水水样检测水碘.在所抽取的县内选择1所医疗机构,各选择100名育龄妇女、孕妇、哺乳期妇女和0~2岁婴幼儿采集尿样检测尿碘;在所抽取的乡各选择1所小学,抽取20名8~10岁儿童采集尿样检测尿碘.盐碘测定采用直接滴定法(GB/T 13025.7-1999);水碘及尿碘测定采用砷铈催化分光光度测定方法(WS/T 107-2006).结果 共采集盐样600份,安阳县、汤阴县各300份,盐碘中位数分别为27.59、29.15 mg/kg,盐碘含量比较差异有统计学意义(Z=-4.92,P<0.05).共采集水样47份,汤阴县、安阳县分别为26、21份,水碘中位数分别为5.37、9.44 μg/L,水碘含量比较差异无统计学意义(Z = - 0.30,P > 0.05).共调查重点人群985人,儿童、育龄妇女、孕妇、哺乳期妇女和婴幼儿分别为200、205、197、187、196人,尿碘中位数分别为253.05、249.80、177.10、266.40、247.85 μg/L,不同人群尿碘中位数比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=29.76,P<0.05).安阳县和汤阴县育龄妇女(226.60、313.85 μg/L)、哺乳期妇女(230.85、286.20 μg/L)、婴幼儿(222.35、275.35 μg/L)尿碘水平比较差异均有统计学意义(Z = 3.33、2.21、3.13,P 均 <0.05).结论 安阳市农村地区碘营养状况整体上是良好的,人群尿碘水平偏高.

abstractsObjective To investigate the iodine nutritional status of rural residents in Anyang City of Henan Province,and to provide theoretical basis for making policy adjustment on iodine supplement. Methods In 2015, Tangyin County and Anyang County were chosen from Anyang City, one township was selected from each county based on five orientations of east, west, south, north and centre, four villages were chosen from each township,15 households were taken from each village, and kitchen salt samples were collected to detect salt iodine;tap water samples were collected to detect water iodine.In the selected county,one medical institution was selected, 100 women of childbearing age,pregnant women,lactating women and infants aged 0-2 years old were selected to detect urinary iodine; one primary school was selected in the selected township, and 20 children aged 8 - 10 years old were selected to detect urinary iodine. Salt iodine was determined using direct titration (GB/T 13025.7-1999);urinary iodine and water iodine were determined using arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry(WS/T 107-2006). Results A total of 600 salt samples were collected, half from Anyang County and half from Tangyin County, the medians of salt iodine were 27.59,29.15 mg/kg,respectively,the difference was statistically significant(Z = - 4.92, P <0.05).A total of 47 water samples were collected,21 from Anyang County and 26 from Tangyin County,the medians of water iodine were 9.44,5.37 μg/L,respectively,the difference was not statistically significant(Z=-0.30, P > 0.05). A total of 985 key people were surveyed, children, women of childbearing age, pregnant women, lactating women and infants were 200, 205, 197, 187, 196, respectively, the medians of urinary iodine were 253.05, 249.80, 177.10, 266.40, 247.85 μg/L, respectively, the differences were statistically significant (χ2=29.76, P < 0.05). Urinary iodine levels of childbearing age women (226.60,313.85 μg/L),lactating women(230.85,286.20 μg/L) and infants (222.35, 275.35 μg/L) were compared between Anyang County and Tangyin County, the differences were statistically significant (Z=3.33,2.21,3.13,P<0.05).Conclusion The iodine nutritional status of rural residents in Anyang City is basically good,but the urinary iodine levels of general population are high.