摘要目的:了解我国是否存在耐药及耐消毒剂鼠疫菌株，为鼠疫临床治疗提供准确信息。方法:收集我国1943 - 2016年分离自10处鼠疫自然疫源地的2 753株鼠疫菌，根据美国国立生物信息中心（NCBI）公布的耐氨基糖苷类链霉素基因strA、strB，耐β-内酰胺类抗菌药物基因TEM、SHV、CTX-M，耐磺胺类药物基因sul1、sul2、sul3，耐消毒剂基因qacE△1-sul1的序列信息，分别针对每个基因设计1对引物。提取2 753株鼠疫菌基因组DNA，采用PCR法对所有DNA样本进行上述9个目的基因扩增。结果:PCR检测阴性对照和阳性对照成立，2 753株鼠疫菌DNA样本均未见耐氨基糖苷类链霉素基因strA、strB，耐β-内酰胺类抗菌药物基因TEM、SHV、CTX-M，耐磺胺类药物基因sul1、sul2、sul3及耐消毒剂基因qacE△1-sul1对应的目的条带。结论:我国鼠疫菌尚未检测到上述耐药及耐消毒剂基因，但鼠疫菌耐药性的监测工作仍需持续开展。

abstractsObjective:To understand whether there are drug resistant and disinfectant resistant Yersinia pestis strains in China, and to provide accurate information for clinical treatment of plague. Methods:A total of 2 753 Yersinia pestis strains isolated from 10 natural plague foci in China from 1943 to 2016 were collected. According to National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) released sequences of aminoglycoside streptomycin resistant genes strA, strB, β-lactam antibiotics resistant genes TEM, SHV and CTX-M, sulfamilamide resistant genes sul1, sul2 and sul3, and disinfectant resistant gene qacE△1-sul1, a pair of primers of each gene was designed for above-mentioned genes. Genomic DNA of 2 753 strains of Yersinia pestis was extracted, and the 9 target genes of all DNA samples were amplified by PCR. Results:Negative and positive controls of PCR detection were established. No corresponding target bands of aminoglycoside streptomycin resistant genes strA, strB, β-lactam antibiotics resistant genes TEM, SHV and CTX-M, sulfamilamide resistant genes sul1, sul2 and sul3, and disinfectant resistant gene qacE△1-sul1 were found in the DNA samples of 2 753 strains of Yersinia pestis.Conclusion:The above-mentioned genes of drug resistance and disinfectant resistance have not been detected in Yersinia pestis of China, but the monitoring of drug resistance of Yersinia pestis still needs to be carried out continuously.