摘要目的:了解宿迁市儿童碘营养状况及甲状腺肿大、甲状腺结节患病情况，为碘缺乏病防治提供依据。方法:2019年5月至2020年7月，每年在宿迁市各县（区）按东、西、南、北、中划分为5个片区，每个片区抽取1个乡镇（街道），每个乡镇（街道）抽取1所小学的8 ~ 10岁非寄宿学生40名（年龄均衡、男女各半），采集学生尿样和家中食用盐盐样检测尿碘、盐碘含量，并对部分儿童进行甲状腺检查及身高、体重测量。结果:共采集8 ~ 10岁儿童尿样1 999份，尿碘中位数为221.0 μg/L；不同县（区）间比较差异有统计学意义（ H = 147.89， P < 0.05）。采集儿童家中食用盐盐样1 999份，盐碘含量为（24.01 ± 4.55）mg/kg；其中碘盐1 979份，碘盐覆盖率为99.00%；合格碘盐1 910份，碘盐合格率为96.51%，合格碘盐食用率为95.55%。共检查儿童甲状腺1 000例，检出甲状腺肿大22例、甲状腺实性结节51例、甲状腺囊肿54例，检出率分别为2.20%、5.10%、5.40%；不同县（区）儿童甲状腺实性结节、囊肿检出率比较差异均有统计学意义（χ 2 = 16.41、37.66， P均< 0.05），甲状腺肿大检出率比较差异无统计学意义（χ 2 = 8.65， P > 0.05）。经Spearman相关分析，儿童甲状腺容积与身高、体重均呈正相关（ r = 0.403、0.315， P均< 0.05）。 结论:宿迁市儿童碘营养处于碘超适宜水平，盐碘监测指标符合国家碘缺乏病消除标准（碘盐覆盖率≥95%、合格碘盐食用率> 90%）；儿童甲状腺容积受身高、体重因素影响。

abstractsObjective:To understand the iodine nutritional status and the prevalence of goiter and thyroid nodules among children in Suqian City, and to provide a basis for prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods:From May 2019 to July 2020, the counties (districts) in Suqian City were divided into 5 areas according to east, west, south, north, and middle, each area selected 1 township (street) every year, and 40 non-boarding students aged 8 - 10 years were selected (balanced age and gender) from 1 primary school from each township (street). Children's urine samples and household salt samples were collected to detect urinary iodine and salt iodine contents, and some children were subjected to thyroid examination and height and weight measurements.Results:A total of 1 999 urine samples were collected from children aged 8 to 10 years, and the median urinary iodine was 221.0 μg/L. There was a statistically significant difference among different counties (districts, H = 147.89, P < 0.05). A total of 1 999 edible salt samples were collected from children's homes, and the salt iodine content was (24.01 ± 4.55) mg/kg. Among them, iodized salts was 1 979, the coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.00%; the qualified iodized salts was 1 910, and the iodized salt qualified rate was 96.51%, and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 95.55%. A total of 1 000 cases of children's thyroid were examined, and 22 cases of goiter, 51 cases of solid thyroid nodules, and 54 cases of thyroid cyst were detected, and the detection rates were 2.20%, 5.10%, and 5.40%, respectively. There were significant differences in the detection rates of solid nodules and cysts beteen different counties (districts, χ 2 = 16.41, 37.66 , P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the detection rates of goiter (χ 2 = 8.65 , P > 0.05). According to Spearman correlation analysis, children's thyroid volume was positively correlated with height and weight ( r = 0.403, 0.315, P < 0.05). Conclusions:The iodine nutrition of children in Suqian City is at an excessively suitable level of iodine, and the salt iodine monitoring indicators meet the national iodine deficiency disorders elimination standards (the coverage rate of iodized salt ≥ 95%, and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt > 90%). The children's thyroid volume is affected by factors such as height and weight.