摘要氟具有双重的健康效应。适量的氟对于骨骼发育、预防龋齿和神经系统活动等具有重要的作用；而过量的氟可引起以氟斑牙和氟骨症为主要症状的慢性全身性疾病。氟中毒可导致骨骼肌形态结构改变和功能损害。低浓度氟可诱导骨骼肌肌管肥大，而高浓度氟则通过引起一系列信号通路的异常，导致骨骼肌萎缩。磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶/蛋白激酶B（PI3K/Akt）信号通路、氧化应激、泛素-蛋白酶体途径的异常改变均在氟中毒引起的骨骼肌损害中起重要作用。本文主要综述了氟化物对骨骼肌的影响及其相关分子机制的研究进展。

abstractsFluoride has dual health effects. Proper amount of fluoride plays an important role in bone development, prevention of dental caries and nervous system activity. Excessive fluoride causes chronic systemic diseases with dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis as the main symptoms. Fluorosis causes morphological and structural changes and function damage in skeletal muscle. Low concentration of fluoride induces muscle canal hypertrophy in skeletal muscle, while high concentration of fluoride leads to skeletal muscle atrophy by causing a series of signal pathway abnormalities. Abnormal changes in phosphatidylinositol-3-hydroxykinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signal pathway, oxidative stress, and ubiquitin-proteasome pathway all play important roles in skeletal muscle injury caused by fluorosis. In this paper, the effect of fluoride on skeletal muscle and its related molecular mechanisms are reviewed.