摘要目的:了解吉林省碘缺乏病（IDD）地区重点人群对IDD防治知识的认知情况，评价健康教育效果。方法:2015-2019年，每年抽取吉林省10个县（市、区，以下简称县）作为项目县。大众健康教育覆盖整个项目县；每个项目县选择3个项目乡，在每个项目乡中心小学选择4~6年级小学生，开展学校健康教育；每个项目乡选择3个项目村，开展社区健康教育。健康教育前后，在每个项目乡中心小学抽取30名5年级小学生，并在每所小学附近抽取15名家庭主妇，进行IDD防治知识问卷调查。结果:经过健康教育，吉林省小学生与家庭主妇IDD防治知识总体知晓率分别为96.26%（13 324/13 842）和96.40%（6 819/7 074），较干预前[65.36%（9 032/13 818）和71.26%（5 039/7 071）]均有显著提高（χ 2 = 4 258.34、1 647.92，均 P < 0.001），小学生和家庭主妇的知晓率分别提高了30.90和25.14个百分点。 结论:健康教育显著提高了吉林省重点人群IDD防治知识知晓率，是保障IDD持续消除的重要举措。

abstractsObjective:To learn about the cognition of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) prevention knowledge among key population in the IDD area of Jilin Province, and to evaluate the effect of health education.Methods:From 2015 to 2019, 10 counties (cities, districts, hereinafter referred to as counties) in Jilin Province were selected as project counties every year. Public health education covered the entire project county. In each project county, 3 project townships were selected, and students of grades 4-6 were selected from the central primary schools of each project township for school health education. In each project township, 3 project villages were selected to carry out community health education. Before and after health education, 30 fifth-grade students were selected from the central primary school of each project township, and 15 housewives were selected from the vicinity of each primary school to conduct a questionnaire survey on IDD prevention knowledge.Results:After health education, the overall awareness rate of IDD prevention knowledge among primary school students and housewives in Jilin Province was 96.26% (13 324/13 842) and 96.40% (6 819/7 074), which was significantly higher than that before the intervention [65.36% (9 032/13 818) and 71.26% (5 039/7 071)], and the differences were statistically significant (χ 2 = 4 258.34, 1 647.92, P < 0.001), and the awareness rates of primary school students and housewives increased by 30.90% and 25.14%, respectively. Conclusion:Health education has significantly increased the awareness rate of IDD prevention knowledge among key populations in Jilin Province, and is an important measure to ensure the continuous elimination of IDD.