摘要目的 探讨产前超声诊断胎儿肾积水的临床效果.方法 回顾2013年11月至2015年9月在单县中心医院超声科就诊的105例孕中晚期胎儿肾积水孕妇为研究对象,依据首次超声结果进行Grignon分级:其中V级2例、Ⅳ级3例、Ⅲ级6例、Ⅱ级30例、Ⅰ级64例.待婴儿出生24 h内再次行超声检查肾盂积水情况,并于出生后满1、3、6、12月时进行超声复查,分别观察肾积水的变化.结果 105个肾积水中:64个Ⅰ级肾积水均于出生后6个月内好转,其中1个月内好转46个肾,3个月内好转16个肾;Ⅱ级30个肾均于6个月内好转,其中3个月内好转24个肾;Ⅲ级6个肾中有2个进展;Ⅳ级3个肾中2个行手术治疗,进展1个;V级2例均手术治疗.98个肾积水为生理性(93.33％),有进展需继续观察的Ⅲ级肾积水2个,经过MRU检测暂无手术指征;Ⅳ级肾积水进展1个,家属要求再观察.结论 临床上给予胎儿肾积水产前超声检查,可以准确分级,是诊断胎儿肾积水和判断预后最佳手段.

abstractsObjective To investigate the clinical effect of prenatal B ultrasound in the diagnosis of fetal hydronephrosis.Methods 105 pregnant women with advanced hydronephrosis in the Department of Ultrasound of our hospital were selected as the research subjects from November 2013 to September 2015.Grignon classification was performed according to the first B ultrasound results,including 2 cases of level Ⅴ,3 cases of level Ⅳ,6 cases of level Ⅲ,30 cases of level Ⅱ and 64 cases of level Ⅰ.The hydronephrosis was reexamined by ultrasonography within the postnatal 24h.Meanwhile,the B ultrasound reexamination was performed in the postnatal 1,3,6 and 12 months.The change of hydronephrosis was observed.Results Among 105 cases of fetal hydronephrosis,64 cases of kidneys at level Ⅰ were improved in the postnatal 6 months,including 46 cases during 1 month and 16 cases during 3 months;30 cases of kidneys at level Ⅱ were improved during 6 months,including 24 cases during 3 months;6 cases of kidneys at level Ⅲ were progressing;Among 3 cases,2 cases of hydronephrosis at level Ⅳ underwent the surgery and 1 case was progressing;2 cases of hydronephrosis at level Ⅴ underwent the surgery.98 cases of hydronephrosis were physiological (93.33％).2 cases of hydronephrosis progression at level Ⅲ required to follow up.MRU examination suggested no surgical indication at present;1 case belonged to the hydronephrosis progression at level Ⅳ.The family members asked to be reviewed.Conclusion The fetal hydronephrosis can be classified accurately through the prenatal B ultrasound examination.The prenatal B ultrasound examination is the best method for the diagnosis and prognosis of fetal hydronephrosis.