摘要目的 探讨肾结石合并肾盂鳞状细胞癌的早期诊断与治疗.方法 报告肾结石合并肾盂鳞状细胞癌2例,结合相关文献探讨其早期诊断及治疗方法.结果 2例均有典型肾绞痛病史及合并血尿,CT检查提示肾盂癌2例.2例术中经冰冻病理确诊后,行根治性患肾切除术,1例术后行全身化疗,5个月后死于全身衰竭,另一类术后随访18个月无复发.2例病理诊断均为鳞状细胞癌.结论 肾结石合并肾盂鳞状细胞癌恶性程度高、预后差,临床表现缺乏特异性,易误诊和漏诊,提高对本病的认识,对可疑病例进行多项必要的辅助检查,有助于明确诊断.治疗以根治性患肾切除为主.

abstractsObjective To investigate the early diagnosis and treatment of renal calculi associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. Methods 2 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis associated with renal calculi were reported in our department. The literature was reviewed to discuss the early diagnosis and treatment. Results Both of the 2 patients presented with typical renal colic and hematuria,2 cases of renal pelvic tumor were diagnosed by CT. Radical nephrectomy was performed for the 2 patients after squamous cell carcinoma was detected with frozen section during operation. One patient received systemic chemotherapy and died from cancer collapse after 5 months,the other developed no recurrence during follow-up of 18 months. Both of the 2 cases were proved squamous cell carcinoma in pathology after operation. Conclusion Squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis associated with renal calculi has an aggressive behavior and unfavourable prognosis, and it may be easily misdiagnosised and missed because its clinical manifestation is lack of specificit. Once a case is suspected squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis, many necessary assistance examinations should be performed for diagnosis and the optimal treatment is radical nephrectomy.