摘要目的:探讨罗沙司他、重组人促红细胞生成素(rHuEPO)对于肾移植术后贫血的治疗效果，分析其对移植肾功能恢复的影响。方法:本研究为回顾性非随机对照研究，选取2021年4月至2022年6月于北部战区总医院器官移植中心行同种异体肾移植术且术后贫血的62例患者，男44例，女18例，年龄(46.5±10.2)岁，年龄范围为23～60岁。根据治疗方法将患者分为rHuEPO组与罗沙司他组，每组31例。rHuEPO组皮下注射rHuEPO治疗，罗沙司他组口服罗沙司他治疗，两组患者均治疗10周。记录并比较两组患者基线资料、治疗10周后治疗效果相关指标及治疗期间不良事件发生情况。结果:治疗10周后，罗沙司他组患者血红蛋白[(121.4±15.3)g/L]、血红蛋白达标率[83.9%(26/31)]、血红蛋白应答率[80.6%(25/31)]与rHuEPO组[(118.5±14.8)g/L、80.6%(25/31)、77.4%(24/31)]比较，差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)。罗沙司他组患者血肌酐[126.0(76.4，223.0)μmol/L]、胱抑素[1.1(0.7，3.3)mg/L]、平均动脉压[(98.4±7.3)mmHg，1 mmHg＝0.133 kPa]低于rHuEPO组[179.0(106.3，371.5)μmol/L、2.7(1.4，4.3)mg/L、(113.5±8.7)mmHg]，差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)。治疗期间，罗沙司他组血压升高发生率[0(0)]低于rHuEPO组[19.4%(6/31)]，差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)。 结论:罗沙司他治疗肾移植术后贫血的效果与rHuEPO相当，还可改善患者术后肌酐水平，对血压影响较小，具有良好的安全性和有效性。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of roxadustat and recombinant human erythropoietin(rHuEPO)on anemia after renal transplantation, and analyze its effect on the recovery of graft renal function.Methods:This study was a retrospective non-randomized controlled study.A total of 62 patients who underwent renal transplantation with postoperative anemia in the department of Organ Transplantation Center in the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from April 2021 to June 2022 were selected, including 44 males and 18 females, aged(46.5±10.2)years old, ranging from 23 to 60 years old.According to the treatment methods, the patients were divided into rHuEPO group and roxadustat group, with 31 cases in each group.The rHuEPO group was treated with subcutaneous injection of rHuEPO, and the roxadustat group was treated with oral roxadustat.Both groups were treated for 10 weeks.The baseline data, therapeutic efficacy indicators after 10 weeks of treatment, and adverse events during the treatment were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results:After 10 weeks of the treatment, the hemoglobin[(121.4±15.3)g/L], hemoglobin target rate[83.9%(26/31)]and hemoglobin response rate[80.6%(25/31)]in roxadustat group compared with those in rHuEPO group[(118.5±14.8)g/L, 80.6%(25/31), 77.4%(24/31)], there was no statistically significant difference( P>0.05).The levels of serum creatinine[126.0(76.4, 223.0)μmol/L], cystatin[1.1(0.7, 3.3)mg/L]and mean arterial pressure[(98.4±7.3)mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa]in roxadustat group were lower than those in rHuEPO group[179.0(106.3, 371.5)μmol/L, 2.7(1.4, 4.3)mg/L, (113.5±8.7)mmHg], and the differences were statistically significant( P<0.05).During the treatment, the incidence of hypertension in roxadustat group[0(0)]was lower than that in rHuEPO group[19.4%(6/31)], and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05). Conclusions:Roxadustat is as effective as rHuEPO in the treatment of anemia after renal transplantation.Roxadustat can also improve the level of creatinine, with less effect on blood pressure, and has good safety and effectiveness.