摘要小肠梗阻是常见的外科急腹症，存在较高的漏诊、误诊、致死和致残率。大多数小肠梗阻的患者，早期采用非手术治疗及放置肠梗阻导管，可以缓解病情。然而，决定非手术治疗的观察窗口期、急诊手术时机及方式仍然存在很多争议。近年来，有关小肠梗阻的基础研究和临床研究均有了进一步的进展，但在临床实践方面，尚缺乏权威的参考标准，国内尚无相关的共识和指南来规范其诊断与治疗。据此，在中华医学会肠外肠内营养学分会、中国国际医疗保健促进交流会加速康复外科分会的倡议下，我国本领域的专家组成编审委员会，结合当前的最新循证医学证据，参考国内外研究的主要结果和结论，依据推荐意见分级的评估、制订及评价（GRADE）系统证据质量评估及推荐强度分级，制定了《小肠梗阻的诊断与治疗中国专家共识》，供相关专业的医生学习与参考，期望有助于提高我国小肠梗阻的总体诊治水平。

abstractsSmall bowel obstruction is a common surgical acute abdomen, with high rates of missed diagnosis, misdiagnosis, mortality and disability. The majority of patients with small bowel obstruction can be relieved by early non-operative treatment and intestinal obstruction catheter. However, there are still many controversies about the window of observation, the time of emergency operation and the method of operation. In recent years, the basic and clinical research on small bowel obstruction has made further progress, but there is no authoritative reference in clinical practice, and there is no relevant consensus and guidelines to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of small bowel obstruction in China. Accordingly, on the initiative of the Chinese Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition and Enhanced Recovery after Surgery Branch of China International Health Care Promotion Exchange Association. The experts in this field of our country constitute the editorial committee, and refer to the main results of the current domestic and foreign research. According to the GRADE system of evidence quality assessment and recommendation intensity grading, the Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of small bowel obstruction was formulated for the study and reference of related specialties. It is expected to improve the overall level of diagnosis and treatment of small bowel obstruction in our country.