摘要目的探讨海绵体神经损伤对阴茎海绵体nNOS神经纤维的影响。方法33只雄性大白鼠随机分为三组：5只作为假手术对照组；单侧损伤组(14只)切断一侧海绵体神经； 双侧损伤组(14只)两侧海绵体神经均被切断。分别于术后3周及6个月取阴茎海绵体中断，用免疫组织 化学技术(SP法)检测其nNOS神经纤维。 结果双侧损伤组术后三周，阴茎海绵体nNOS神经纤维显著减少，6个月后阳性神经纤维仍很少。对于 单侧损伤组，术后3周损伤侧nNOS神经纤维的改变类似于双侧损伤组，但6个月后nNOS神经纤维明显 增多，接近对侧水平。 结论阴茎海绵体nNOS神经纤维在单侧海绵体神经损伤后可发生再生，而在双侧海绵体神经均被损伤 后几乎不能再生。提示在进行盆腔根治性手术时，至少要保护一侧海绵体神经才能维持勃起功能。

abstractsObjective To investigate the effect of cavernous nerve injury onthe nNOS-containing nerve fibers in corpus cavernosum. Methods Thirty-three male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham-operated controls (n=5) underwent pelvic exploration without transection of the cavernous nerve; unilateral injury group (n=14) had their cavernous nerve cut on one side; and bilateral injury group (n=14) underwent neurotomy on both sides. Corpora cavernosa were harvested at the 3rd week and 6th month after surgery. nNOS-positive nerve fibers were examined with streptavidin-peroxidase immunohistochemistry techniques (SP method). Results After bilateral ablation, the nNOS-positive nerve fibers were significantly decreased at the 3rd week (17±4) and remained so at the 6th month (16±4). For the unilateral injury group, the nNOS-positive nerve fibers were similarly decreased on the side of the neurotomy at the 3rd week (18±6), but by the 6th month, the number increased significantly (61±9) and approximated the level on the contralateral side (81±13). Conclusion Following unilateral cavernous nerve ablation in rats, nNOS-containing nerve fibers regenerate 6 months after surgery. This regeneration process does not occur in animals with bilateral cavernous nerve injury, suggesting that during radical pelvic surgery, the cavernous nerve has to be preserved at least on one side in order to maintain the capacity for penile erection.