摘要目的回顾分析眼部培养细菌菌属的分布及其变化.方法对1989-1998十年间培养的4705份标本进行细菌阳性率、革兰氏染色分布、阳性菌属分布及其十年变化进行回顾性分析.结果 4705份送检细菌培养标本中,培养阳性菌共1339株,平均培养阳性率为28.6%.革兰氏阳性球菌占55.6%;革兰氏阳性杆菌占13.1 %;革兰氏阴性球菌占2.8%;革兰氏阴性杆菌占28.5%.培养阳性菌中凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(主要为表皮葡萄球菌)的比例最高(25.3%),其次为假单孢菌属(18.8%)、微球菌属(11.7%)、棒状杆菌属(10.1%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(8.2%).十年中,革兰氏阳性球菌占总检出菌的比例随时间呈上升趋势,而革兰氏阴性杆菌的比例呈下降改变.结论革兰氏阳性球菌及革兰氏阴性杆菌仍为眼部感染的主要致病菌,前者的比例逐年增高,后者呈下降改变.及时了解致病菌属的分布与变化,对预防与治疗细菌感染性眼病有重要意义.

abstractsObjective To review the distribution and trends of bacterial culture specimens in Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology. Methods A retrospective analysis of the bacterial culture-positive rate, the distribution of gram's stain, and the distribution and change of isolates was performed on 4705 specimens during a 10-year period (1989-1998). Results Positive cultures numbered 1339 of the 4705 specimens, with a positive rate of 28.6%. Gram-positive cocci constituted 55.6% of the total isolates, followed by gram-positive bacilli 13.1%. Gram-negative cocci accounted for 2.8%, and gram-negative bacilli 28.5%. In the positive bacteria cultures, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (mainly Staphylococcous epidermidis) was the most common isolate (25.3%), and followed by Pseudomonas 18.8%, Micrococcus 11.7%, Corynbaccterium 10.1%, and Staphylococcus aureus 8.2%. During the 10-year period, the overall frequency of gram-positive cocci appeared to increase with time while the frequency of gram-negative bacilli decreased. Conclusions Gram-positive cocci and gram-negative bacilli are still the predominant pathogens of ocular infection in northern China. The frequency of the former increases annually whereas that of the latter decreases. It is important to comprehend the distribution and trends of ocular pathogenic bacteria for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of bacterial infectious ocular disease.