摘要Objective To explore the relationship between microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) gene variation and diabetic dyslipidemia among Chinese. Methods Using PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis and gene sequencing, we studied the influence of a common MTP gene polymorphism in the p romoter region on the apoB-containing lipoproteins in 44 Chinese type 2 diabeti c subjects and 32 non-diabetic volunteers. Results A common functional G/T polymorphism in 493 bp upstream from the transcriptional start point was detected among native Chinese. There were 41 carriers (53.9%) of the MTP-493 G/G genotype, 28 (36.8%) of the MTP-493 G/T genotype and 7 (9.3%) of the MTP-493 T/T genotype. The allele frequency of M TP-493 T in the diabetic group was 0.30. The MTP-493 T/T diabetic group had significantly higher TG (P<0.05), VLDL-CH (P<0.05) and smaller LDL pa rticle size (P<0.001) than the MTP-493 common genotype group. Conclusion Genetic variation in the MTP promoter is likely to be highly involved in the production of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetic subjects.