摘要篇首: The introduction of the antibiotics into clinical practice has significantly reduced the mortality of infectious diseases.Although chromosomally mediated β-lactamase is natural in many genera of bacteria.the intensive use of antibiotics is the main cause for the increasing emeNence of new β-lactamases.So far,more than 340 β-lactamases have been identified,1 among which,more than 200 are extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs).3 The most prevalent β-lactamases are class A enzymes,including SHV and TEM.Genes encoding these enzymes generally located in large transferable plasmids.
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