摘要篇首： In the western countries, circumcision has been performed for a long time. However, because of religious and cultural differences, circumcision was rare in China before the 20th century. As a result, penile cancer, accounting for 17% of all cancers, was more common.1 With the introduction of western medicine in the 1920s, especially after the establishment of urology as a separate department, gradually more circumcisions were carried out. The incidence of penile cancer was also reduced to 0.34/100 000, which was similar to Western developed countries.1 Recently, in China, circumcision has become one of the most basic operations in urological surgery. More people have realized the efficacy of circumcision in preventing acquisition and transmission of sexually transmitted infections.2,3