摘要篇首： Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common gastrointestinal emergency and carries with it both morbidity, short and long term, as well as mortality.1,2 It is a world-wide problem in preterm infants with a highly variable incidence varying from 2.6% to 28%.1 It affects 1.0%-7.7% of NICU admissions and is primarily a disease of premature infants with over 90% of cases occurring in infants bom prematurely. In the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network, NEC was noted to occur in 11.5% in infants weighing 401-750 g, 9% in 751-1000 g,6% in 1001-1250 g and 4% in 1251-1500 g.3 This inverse relationship between NEC and birthweight has been described by others.4,5 Mortality rates have ranged from 10%-50%6 and occurs more often in very low birth weight infants, particularly of male gender and black race.