摘要Background Spontaneous intracerebellar hemorrhage (SCH) accounts for 10% of intracerebral hemorrhages. Up to now stereotactic aspiration and thrombolysis of SCH was less reported. The aim of this study was to assess the effect and feasibility of the method, and to refine the clinical protocol.Methods Eighteen patients with SCH were treated by stereotactic aspiration and thrombolysis and reviewed in this report. The 3-mm axial stereotactic computed tomography slices throughout the hematoma were obtained. Those images were then transferred to the workstation. The trajectory of catheter was designed to go through the main axis of the hematoma. Under local anesthesia a catheter was directed stereotactically into the hematoma through a burr hole.Hematoma thrombolysis and clot drainage was followed by instillation of urokinase (10 000 U) every 12 hours. The catheter was removed when the majority of hematoma was evacuated.Results Initial SCH volume was reduced by an average of 86% and the average final hematoma volume was 2.8 ml. At 3-month follow-up, 13 patients (72%) had achieved good recovery. At 6-month follow-up, 12 patients (67%) had achieved good recovery.Conclusion Stereotactic aspiration and thrombolysis of SCH was a simple, feasible and effective method to treat moderate and some benign SCH that less respond to medical treatment.