摘要The approval of imatinib in 2001 has changed the landscape of CML management.1-3 With its excellent efficacy in the International Randomized Study of Interferon and STI571 (IRIS),imatinib has become the standard of care for newly diagnosed patients.This change challenges the previous role of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in CML treatment.However,allo-HSCT still plays an important role in the treatment of CML patients because of the following reasons:(1) up to one-third of patients in the first chronic phase (CP1) of CML (CML-CP1) are resistant to or intolerant of imatinib therapy;4,5 (2)patients with the T315I mutation are highly resistant to all tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs);(3) pediatric and young patients with an identical sibling donor have a strong willingness to be cured;(4) patients with advanced disease have poor response to TKIs;and (5) the outcomes of HSCT have improved in recent years.So in this era,the indication was more complex and stratified in more detail,based on weighing the disease related risk and SCT related risk.