摘要Background This research aims at identifying relative interventions on trachoma and testing the effectiveness of control measures adopted by assessing its prevalence and related risk factors in Shandong province of China.Methods Trachoma rapid assessment (TRA) was conducted in 6 sub-districts selected from Shandong province based on primary high risk assessment.Active trachoma in children aged 1-9 years and environmental risk factors of trachoma (unclean faces,absence of running water,and absence of flush toilets) were assessed (TRA 1).Control measures were taken in endemic areas.A second TRA (TRA 2) was conducted after 12 months in the same 6 districts and findings of the two TRAs were compared.Results In TRA 1,we found trachoma in 3 sub-districts and the detection rate was 4％ (95％ Cl:0.39％-11.12％),6％ (95％ Cl:1.18％-14.17％),and 6％ (95％ Cl:1.18％-14.17％) respectively.We could not find trachoma cases in TRA 2.Research data supports that children living with environmental risk factors face an increased risk to active trachoma.However,we could not find statistical evidence for this association,which may be caused by the limited data on prevalence.Conclusions This research indicates that the TRA methodology is easy to assess trachoma and its related risk factors.Based on the results of this study,we have already achieved the goal of "elimination of trachoma" in Shandong province,as the detection rate of trachomatous inflamation follicular/trachomatous inflammation intense in 1-9-year-old children was less than 5％.