摘要Background Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) could develop periprocedural myocardial infarction and inflammatory response and statins can modify inflammatory responses property.The aim of this study was to evaluate whether short-term high-dose atorvastatin therapy can reduce inflammatory response and myocardial ischemic injury elicited by PCI.Methods From March 2012 to May 2014,one hundred and sixty-five statin-naive patients with unstable angina referred for PCI at Department of Cardiology of the 306th Hospital,were enrolled and randomized to 7-day pretreatment with atorvastatin 80 mg/d as high dose group (HD group,n=56) or 20 mg/d as normal dose group (ND group,n=57) or an additional single high loading dose (80 mg) followed 6-day atorvastatin 20 mg/d as loading dose group (LD group,n=52).Plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were determined before intervention and at 5 minutes,24 hours,48 hours,72 hours,and 7 days after intervention.Creatine kinase-myocardial isoenzyme (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin I (cTnl) were measured at baseline and then 24 hours following PCI.Results Plasma CRP and IL-6 levels increased from baseline after PCI in all groups.CRP reached a maximum at 48 hours and IL-6 level reached a maximum at 24 hours after PCI.Plasma CRP levels at 24 hours after PCI were significantly lower in the HD group ((9.14±3.02) mg/L) than in the LD group ((11.06±3.06) mg/L) and ND group ((12.36±3.08) mg/L,P ＜0.01); this effect persisted for 72 hours.IL-6 levels at 24 hours and 48 hours showed a statistically significant decrease in the HD group ((16.19±5.39) ng/L and (14.26±4.12) ng/L,respectively)) than in the LD group ((19.26±6.34) ng/L and (16.03±4.08) ng/L,respectively,both P ＜0.05) and ND group ((22.24±6.98) ng/L and (17.24±4.84) ng/L,respectively).IL-6 levels at 72 hours and 7 days showed no statistically significant difference among the study groups.Although PCI caused a significant increase in CK-MB and cTnl at 24 hours after the procedure in all groups,the elevated CK-MB and cTnl values were lower in the HD group ((4.71±4.34) ng/ml and (0.086±0.081) ng/ml,respectively) than in the ND group ((7.24±6.03) ng/ml and (0.138±0.103) ng/ml,respectively,both P ＜0.01) and LD group ((6.80±5.53) ng/ml and (0.126±0.101) ng/ml,respectively,both P ＜0.01).Conclusion Short-term high-dose atorvastatin treatment before PCI significantly reduced systemic inflammatory response and myocardial ischemic injury elicited by PCI.