摘要IntroductionHemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a rare disease characterized by thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure.Atypical HUS (aHUS) accounts for approximately 10％ of all HUS cases.The pathogenesis of aHUS is mainly associated with gene mutations in complement factor H,complement factor I,and membrane cofactor protein (MCP).The prognosis of aHUS is generally poor.Totally,60％ of patients develop renal failure or even die within 1 year.The efficacy of blood transfusion,dialysis,or plasmapheresis is not excellent.Kidney transplantation is an important method for treating end-stage renal diseases.Studies from other countries show that for patients with complement system function disorders caused by aHUS,the transplantation success rate is low and the postoperative aHUS recurrence rate is high.[1-3] With the introduction of the complement component 5 (C5) monoclonal antibody eculizumab (Alexion,CT,USA),the long-term survival of patients significantly improves.