摘要In China,approximately,4.41 million individuals sustain fractures every year.With the rapid development of economy,industrialization,and urbanization as well as the aging of the Chinese population,it is predictable that the number of traumatic fractures will inevitably increase dramatically in the near future.According to the nation-wide data on the clinical epidemiology of orthopedic trauma during 2010-2011,fractures occurring in young and mid-aged patients reached 72％,representing the predominant injuries,and the corresponding percentage of fractures in elderly people was 14.7％.[1] Most of the fractures require operative treatment.Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) via a large incision was once a commonly used method in the treatment of traumatic fractures,which remains an important choice of treatment algorithm for fractures.However,ORIF is often associated with relatively extensive invasion and increased incidence of infections and nonunion of the fractures.Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has gained its popularity in many specialties in the last two decades or so,due to its minimal invasion,fewer complications,quick recovery,and the reduced expense.[2-4] In the field of orthopedic trauma,minimally invasive reduction and fixation,which is the ultimate goal that patients and surgeons have been in persistent pursuit of for a long time,has been achieved,benefiting from sustained attention and the emerging of various new concepts and techniques.Among them,biological osteosynthesis (BO) is one of the currently and widely applied concepts in the management of orthopedic trauma.BO has gained considerable popularity since its advent for fracture management and subsequent successful application in basic research and clinical application.The techniques of less invasive stabilization system for long bone fractures,the internal compression fixation technique via a minimally invasive incision for displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures,[5,6] and other percutaneous reduction and fixation techniques,[7,8] all embody the advantages and successful application in the treatment of traumatic fractures following BO concept.