摘要Background:Cascade analysis is an effective method to analyze the processing data of an event,such as a provided service or a series of examinations.This study aimed to develop a primary cervical cancer screening cascade in China to promote the quality of the screening process.Methods:We designed a cervical cancer screening cascade in China according to the program flow chart.It had three stages,each with two steps and one result.Data from 117,522 women aged 35 to 64 years in the Rural Cervical Cancer Surveillance Project from January 1,2014,to December 31,2014,were collected to analyze the main results of the cascade.The data and proportion are used to describe the follow-up of cervical cancer and pre-cancer detection rate.Results:In 2014,117,522 (80.94％ of all cases reported by the Rural Cervical Cancer Surveillance Project) women aged 35 to 64 years had not received cervical cytology in the previous 3 years.The pre-cancer and cancer detection rates were 256.12/100,000 and 16.16/100,000,respectively.A total of 3031 cases failed to follow-up through the screening process,and 1189,1555,and 287 cases were lost at cervical cytology,colposcopy,and histopathological screening stages,respectively.The estimated cases of pre-cancer and cancer cases would have been 544 and 34,respectively,and the estimated detection rates of pre-cancer and cancer would have been 462.89/100,000 and 28.93/100,000,respectively.Conclusion:In order to increase the detection rate of cervical cancer,cervical cancer screening staff should focus on increasing the rate of follow-up of those who are positive for cervical cancer screening (ie,those with positive cytology results),especially for the 40 to 44 years age range.