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目的 探讨婴幼儿双侧支气管异物围手术期处理的要点.方法 回顾性分析45例婴幼儿双侧支气管异物的临床特征、手术操作要点及术后注意事项.结果 45例患儿均在全麻下经硬性支气管镜顺利取出异物,44例患儿经术后抗感染治疗3～5 d后痊愈出院,1例急性喉气管、支气管炎患儿术后应用万古霉素抗感染治疗10 d痊愈出院,本组抢救成功率为100％.结论 全麻下经硬性支气管镜异物取出是治疗气管、支气管异物的首选方法.双侧支气管异物的患儿病情危急,应尽早诊断,及时手术,术后加强护理,可以提高抢救成功率.

Objective To explore the perioperative management of bilateral bronchial foreign bodies in infants to improve the cure rate in the children.Methods The medical charts of 45 infants with bilateral bronchial foreign bodies were reviewed.Clinical features and key points to surgery as well as post-operative care were analyzed.Results All foreign bodies were removed with rigid bronchoscopy under general anesthesia,and 44 of 45 infants were cured with assistance of anti-infective treatments within 3-5 days and one with acute laryngitis and bronchitis was cured through 10-day anti-infective treatment with vancomycin.Conclusion Removal of foreign body by rigid bronchoscopy under general anesthesia is a preferred method to treat bilateral bronchial foreign bodies in infants,to whom early diagnosis,early treatment and postoperative careful care are keys to get a good outcome.