摘要目的:分析咽喉反流（LPR）患者唾液菌群特征。方法:采用病例对照研究方法分析2020年12月至2021年3月在解放军总医院第八医学中心耳鼻咽喉头颈外科门诊就诊的60例患者及健康志愿者资料，其中男35例，女25例，年龄21~80（33.75±11.10）岁。采用连续入组法选取30例疑似LPR患者为研究组，无咽部症状的志愿者30例为对照组，留取唾液标本，提取DNA，扩增16S片段后进行测序，对测序结果进行生物学信息分析。使用 SPSS 18.0 软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果:2组唾液菌群多样性分析无明显差异；2组唾液差异菌分析显示，在门水平研究组拟杆菌门相对丰度高于对照组［37.86%（31.15%，41.54%） vs 30.24%（25.51%，34.18%）， Z=-3.46， P<0.01］、变形杆菌门低于对照组［15.76%（11.81%，20.17%） vs 20.63%（13.98%，28.82%）， Z=-1.98， P<0.05］；在属水平研究组普雷沃菌属、乳杆菌属、帕拉斯卡拉多菌属、鞘脂菌属相对丰度高于对照组（ Z值分别为-2.92、-2.69、-2.05、-2.31， P值均<0.05）；链球菌属、心杆菌属、克雷伯杆菌属、Uruburuella属研究组相对丰度低于对照组（ Z值分别为-2.43、-2.32、-2.17、-2.32， P值均<0.05）。LEfSe差异分析提示2组中有明显差异的物种有39个，其中拟杆菌门、普雷沃菌科、普雷沃菌属等在研究组富集，链球菌科、链球菌属等在对照组富集，差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。 结论:LPR患者唾液菌群发生变化，出现菌群失调，可能与LPR的发生发展相关。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the characteristics of salivary microbiota in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR).Methods:A case-control study was applied to enroll 60 patients and healthy subjects who were outpatients of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of the Eighth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital from December 2020 to March 2021, including 35 males and 25 females, aged from 21 to 80 (33.75±11.10) years. Thirty patients with suspected laryngopharyngeal reflux were selected as study group and thirty healthy volunteers without pharyngeal symptoms were selected as control group. Their salivary samples were collected, and the salivary microbiota was detected and analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing. SPSS 18.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:There was no significant difference in the diversity of salivary microbiota between the two groups. At the phylum classification level, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in the study group was higher than that in the control group[37.86(31.15, 41.54)% vs 30.24(25.51, 34.18)%, Z=-3.46, P<0.01]. And the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in the study group was lower than that in the control group [15.76(11.81, 20.17)% vs 20.63(13.98, 28.82)%, Z=-1.98, P<0.05]. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Prevotella, Lactobacillus, Parascardovia and Sphingobium in the study group was higher than that in the control group( Z values were-2.92, -2.69, -2.05, -2.31, respectively, P<0.05).And the relative abundance of Streptococcus, Cardiobacterium, Klebsiella and Uruburuella of study group was lower than that of control group( Z values were -2.43, -2.32, -2.17, -2.32, respectively, P<0.05). LEfSe difference analysis showed that there were 39 bacteria with significant differences between the two groups, including Bacteroidetes, Prevotellaceae and Prevotella, which were enriched in the study group, and Streptococcaceae, Streptococcus and other taxa, which were enriched in the control group( P<0.05). Conclusion:The changes of the microflora in the saliva between LPR patients and healthy people suggest that the dysbacteriosis might exist in LPR patients, which may play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of LPR.