摘要目的:探讨应用内踝螺钉骺阻滞技术矫正儿童踝关节外翻畸形的有效性并计算矫正速率，分析影响对矫正效果的因素及螺钉取出后畸形复发的风险因素。方法:回顾性分析2011年1月至2020年12月41例（49踝）于小儿骨科接受内踝螺钉骺阻滞术的患者资料，其中男28例，女13例；左侧24踝，右侧25踝；手术时中位年龄10.75（4.5，13.9）岁，中位随访时间27（12，64）个月。按照诊断分类：遗传性多发性骨软骨瘤病（hereditary multiple exostose，HME）23踝，腓侧轴旁半肢5踝，胫侧轴旁2踝，多发内生软骨瘤病5踝，神经纤维瘤病5踝，外伤骨折6踝，纤维异样增殖3踝。在踝关节负重正位X线片上测量胫骨远端外侧角（lateral distal tibial angle，LDTA）来评估踝关节畸形程度及矫正情况，Malhotra分级用于评估腓骨远端短缩上移程度。结果:49踝中最终36踝得到有效矫正，总体有效率为73.5%。螺钉类型（半螺纹或全螺纹）、螺钉长度（是否到对侧皮质）、垫片使用、临床诊断分组及年龄均不是能否得到有效矫正的独立风险因素（ P>0.05）。对于取得有效矫正病例的术后矫正幅度应用多重线性回归分析（ R2=0.67），在控制年龄差异后，矫正时长（ P< 0.001）、临床诊断（ P=0.013）及术前LDTA（ P=0.002）都是独立的预测因素。对不同临床诊断组间应用单因素方差分析显示，术后平均矫正速率的差异有统计学意义（ F=5.050， P=0.003）。 结论:内踝螺钉骺阻滞术是治疗发育期儿童踝关节外翻畸形的有效可靠手段，不同的临床诊断对儿童踝外翻畸形矫正速率可产生明显差异。

abstractsObjective:To explore the effectiveness of medial malleolus screw epiphyseodesis for pediatric ankle valgus correction and calculate the correction rate, and analyse the influence factors on deformity correction and the risk factors of deformity recurrence after screw removal.Methods:Medical records and radiographs of patients undergoing screw hemiepiphyseodesis of the medial physis of the distal tibia for ankle valgus between Jan 2011 and Dec 2020, at a single pediatric orthopedic department were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 41 patients (49 ankles) were included in following study, including 28 male patients and 13 female patients; with 24 left sides and 25 right sides. Median age at surgery was 10.75 (4.5, 13.9) years, and median follow-up time was 27 (12, 64) months. According to the clinical diagnosis: hereditary multiple exostoses were 23 ankles, fibula hemimelia were 5 ankles, tibia hemimelia were 2 ankles, endochondromatosis were 5 ankles, neurofibromatosis were 5 ankles, traumatic fracture were 6 ankles, and fibrous dysplasia were 3 ankles. The lateral distal tibial angle (LDTA) was measured on ankle weight-bearing X-ray to evaluate the deformity correction. Malhotra classification was used to describe shortening of the fibula at the ankle.Results:Eventually effective correction were obtained in 36 ankles, with an overall effective rate of 73.5%. Screw type (partial-thread or full-thread), screw length (whether to the contralateral cortex), washer used, clinical diagnosis, and age are not independent risk factors for effective correction. Multiple linear regression analysis ( R 2=0.67) was applied for postoperative correction amplitude in effective correction cases, and the length of correction time ( P<0.001), clinical diagnosis ( P=0.013) and preoperative LDTA ( P=0.002) were significant predictive factors after adjusting for age differences. One-way ANOVA were used to compare data between different clinical diagnosis, showed a significant difference in the mean postoperative correction rate ( F=5.05, P=0.003). Conclusion:Medial malleolus screw epiphyseodesis is an effective and reliable method for the treatment of ankle valgus deformity in children; different clinical diagnosis can produce significant differences in the correction rate of ankle valgus deformity.