摘要终末期肝病患者发生细菌感染的风险增高,发生细菌感染后可导致住院次数和医疗费用增加、患者生活质量下降以及病死率增加.终末期肝病患者并发的细菌感染以呼吸道感染、自发性细菌性腹膜炎、尿路感染和胃肠道感染为主,由于机体免疫反应功能下降,发生细菌感染后难以表现出典型的感染症状和体征,感染的诊断较为困难,一些生物学标志物的检查,对于早期诊断具有重要的临床意义.根据患者病情选用广谱、强效的药物进行经验性抗菌素的治疗,有效控制感染,可以改善患者预后.在抗菌药物选择时,还需要警惕药物所致的肝损害.

abstractsPatients with end-stage liver disease have an increased risk of developing bacterial infections,resulting in an increase in the number of hospitalizations and medical expenses,a decline in the quality of life of patients,and an increased fatality rate.Bacterial infections in patients with end-stage liver disease is mainly due to the falling off the body's immune response causing respiratory infections,spontaneous bacterial peritonitis,urinary tract infections and gastrointestinal infections.The diagnosis of bacterial infection is more challenging because the occurrence of infection shows no typical symptoms and signs.The examination of some biological markers has important clinical significance for early diagnosis.The clinical prognosis is entirely marked on the patient conditions,the effective control of infection,appropriate broad-spectrum antibiotics,and empiric therapy.Antibiotics are the choice,but also need to be alert against drug-induced liver damage.