摘要目的:了解我国慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）临床特征和抗病毒治疗模式十年变迁。方法:提取中国消除乙型肝炎临床研究平台（CR-HepB）数据库中2012-2022年注册的慢性乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染者的人口学、病毒学、血液学、血生化及抗病毒治疗信息进行描述性统计和变化趋势分析。多组间比较采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验，计数资料组间比较采用 χ2检验。 结果:共纳入180 012例慢性HBV感染者，中位年龄为40岁，男性占比为60.2%，HBeAg阳性率为43.3%。随时间推移，每年新增患者的中位年龄从39岁增高至47岁，HBeAg阳性率从51.3%下降至32.8%。患者初始诊断以CHB为主（71.4%），其次为乙型肝炎肝硬化（11.8%），非活动性HBsAg携带状态（10.6%）和慢性HBV携带状态（6.2%）。2012-2022每年新增注册患者中，乙型肝炎肝硬化占比保持稳定；2019年后CHB占比增加，其他诊断占比降低。在不同年龄组中，肝硬化患者比例随年龄增加，在< 40、40~69、≥70岁年龄组分别为3.5%、19.3%和30.4%；肝硬化患者中女性比例也随年龄增加，由< 30岁的16.1%增高至≥80岁的44.3%。2012-2022年，抗病毒治疗患者中一线核苷（酸）类似物使用比例逐年增高，由2012-2013年的51.0%增加至2022年的99.8%。结论:CR-HepB注册数据反映了近十年，我国慢性HBV感染者临床特征及抗病毒治疗模式的变化，可为促进乙型肝炎诊疗实践和科学研究提供参考。

abstractsObjective:To understand ten-year changes in clinical characteristics and antiviral treatment patterns of chronic hepatitis B in China.Methods:Patients with chronic HBV infection:demographic, virologic, hematologic, blood biochemistry, and antiviral treatment data were extracted from the China Registry of Hepatitis B (CR-HepB) database between 2012 and 2022 for descriptive statistics and change trend analysis. Multiple group comparisons were conducted using the Kruskal Wallis H test, while counting data was compared between groups using χ2 test. Results:A total of 180 012 patients with chronic HBV infection were included, with a median age of 40 years old, and a male proportion accounting for 60.2%. The HBeAg positive rate was 43.3%. Over time, the median age of new patients each year increased from 39 to 47 years, while the HBeAg positive rate decreased from 51.3% to 32.8%. The initial diagnosis of patients was mainly CHB (71.4%), followed by hepatitis B cirrhosis (11.8%), inactive HBsAg carrier status (10.6%), and chronic HBV carrier status (6.2%). Among the newly registered patients every year from 2012 to 2022, the proportion of hepatitis B cirrhosis remained stable, but after 2019, the proportion of CHB increased and the proportion of other diagnoses decreased. The proportion of patients with cirrhosis increased with age in different age groups, with 3.5%, 19.3%, and 30.4% in the < 40, 40-69, and≥70 age groups, respectively. The proportion of women in patients with cirrhosis also increased with age, from 16.1% in those < 30 years old to 44.3% in those≥80 years old. From 2012 to 2022, the proportion of patients receiving first-line nucleos(t)ide analog antiviral treatment increased year by year, from 51.0% in 2012-2013 to 99.8% in 2022.Conclusion:The CR-HepB registration data reflect the changes in clinical characteristics and antiviral treatment patterns in patients with chronic HBV infection in China over the past ten years and can thus provide a reference to promote hepatitis B diagnosis and treatment practice, as well as scientific research.