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目的 观察高压氧(HBO)对微波辐射后大鼠学习记忆能力和海马单胺氧化酶(MAO)的影响.方法 将100只Wistar雄性大鼠分为正常对照组、HBO对照组、辐射组、HBO治疗组,每组25只大鼠.采用30 mW/cm2微波辐射大鼠,并于辐射后次日给予0.16 MPa(1.6ATA)高压氧,每日1次,连续14 d.于辐射后1、2、3、7、14和21 d,采用Morris水迷宫试验的平均逃避潜伏期(MEL)检测大鼠的学习和记忆能力改变的情况;并于辐射后6h、7、14和21 d,采用酶联免疫法检测大鼠海马组织中MAO的活性变化.结果 30 mW/cm2微波辐射后1 ～14 d,辐射组大鼠平均逃避潜伏期明显长于正常对照组(P＜0.05),在微波辐射后7d和14 d,HBO治疗组与辐射组比较,平均逃避潜伏期明显缩短,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),HBO治疗组与正常对照组比较,平均逃避潜伏期差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).辐射组MAO活性在各个时间点明显升高,与正常对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),在7～21 d与HBO治疗组对比,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),且在第21天时仍未恢复正常.HBO治疗组在7～21 d时,MAO活性基本恢复正常,与正常对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但显著低于辐射组(P＜0.05).结论 30 mW/cm2微波辐射可损伤大鼠学习记忆能力,且造成海马MAO活性增高,高压氧对上述损伤有一定的防护作用.

Objective To observe the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on the learning and memory and monoamine oxidase in hippocampus after microwave radiation in rats.Methods One hundred male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:the normal control group,the HBO control group,the radiation group and the HBO therapy group.The rats were exposed to microwave at a dosage of 30 mW/cm2 and treated with HBO at a pressure of 0.16 ATA,the next day after radiation,once a day and for a succession of 14 days.Changes in the learning and memory of the rats were assessed by average escape latency(MEL) in the Morris water maze at d 1,d 2,d 3,d 7,d 14 and d 21 after radiation.The monoamine oxidase activities in the hippocampus were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at h 6,d 7,d 14 and d 21 following radiation.Results One to 14 days after exposure to 30 mW/cm2 microwave radiation,the average escape latency (AEL) of the radiation group was significantly prolonged,as compared with that of the normal control group (P ＜ 0.05).Seven and 14 days after radiation exposure,AEL of the HBO therapy group was obviously shortened,as compared with that of the radiation group (P ＜ 0.05).No statistical significance could be noticed in AEL,when comparisons were made between the HBO group and the normal control group (P ＜ 0.05).MAO activity of the radiation group was significantly elevated at various time points,and there was statistical significance,when it was compared with that of the normal control group (P ＜ 0.05).However,statistical significance could be seen,when it was compared with that of the HBO group at the time points from 7 to 21 days (P ＜ 0.05).Furthermore,MAO activity of the radiation group failed to return to normal level at day 21.On the other hand,MAO activity of the HBO group returned to basic normal level at the time points from 7 to 21 days,and there was no statistical significance,when it was compared with that of the normal control group.However,it was significantly lower than that of the radiation group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Microwave radiation at a dosage of 30 mW/cm2 could impair the learning and memory of rats,and could elevate MAO activity.HBO seemed to exert certain protective effects on brain injury induced by microwave radiation.