摘要目的:评估不同压力和不同应激条件下大鼠血清和唾液中皮质醇、唾液内分泌型免疫球蛋白(sIgA)的变化规律，为筛选高气压作业环境下的无创应激监测指标提供依据。方法:按照暴露压力不同将54只大鼠分为0 kPa组、175 kPa组、350 kPa组、500 kPa组、600 kPa组、700 kPa组，按照应激条件将另外36只大鼠分为生理应激组、心理应激组、身心应激组和空白组，每组9只。2组实验结束后采集血清，取舌下腺组织匀浆后取上清液，分别用放射免疫分析法和酶联免疫吸附法测定唾液和血清中皮质醇、sIgA含量。结果:500 kPa组、600 kPa组和700 kPa组sIgA浓度增加差异有统计学意义( F＝10.961， P<0.001； F＝4.693， P＝0.001； F＝4.353， P＝0.003)，175 kPa组、350 kPa组、600 kPa组血清皮质醇显著高于0 kPa组，350 kPa组显著高于500 kPa组和700 kPa组，350 kPa组、700 kPa组舌下腺组织皮质醇浓度显著高于0 kPa组、500 kPa组和600 kPa组。不同应激条件下，心理应激组、生理应激组和身心应激组的血清sIgA浓度显著低于空白组( F＝4.852， P＝0.007； F＝4.918， P＝0.007； F＝3.967， P＝0.017)。心理应激组、身心应激组血清和舌下腺皮质醇水平显著高于空白组，生理应激组的血清和舌下腺皮质醇水平显著低于心理应激组。研究结果显示，唾液腺皮质醇和血清皮质醇在不同应激条件下的变化呈现正相关( r＝0.609， P<0.01)。 结论:皮质醇作为应激监测指标具有较好的有效性，唾液指标亦可作为高气压环境下应激监测的指标。

abstractsObjective:To evaluate the changes of cortisol and sIgA in serum and saliva of rats under different stresses and pressures, so as to provide a basis for screening non-invasive stress monitoring indicators in high-pressure working environment.Methods:A total of 54 rats were divided into six groups exposed to different air pressures of 0 kPa, 175 kPa, 350 kPa, 500 kPa, 600 kPa, and 700 kPa, respectively. According to different stress conditions, another 36 rats were divided into physiological stress group (PSSG), psychological stress group (PCSG), physiological and psychological stress group (PPSG), and blank group (BG), with 9 rats in each group. At the end of the experiment, serum sample was collected and supernatant was taken from the sublingual gland tissue homogenate. Cortisol and sIgA levels in saliva and serum were determined by radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results:The concentrations of SIgA in group 500 kPa, 600 kPa, and 700 kPa were significantly different ( F=10.961, P<0.001; F=4.693, P=0.001; F=4.353, P=0.003). The serum cortisol levels in group 175 kPa, 350 kPa, and 600 kPa were significantly higher than that in group 0 kPa, while the serum cortisol level in group 350 kPa was significantly higher than those in group 500 kPa and 700 kPa. The cortisol concentrations of sublingual gland tissues in group 350 kPa and 700 kPa were significantly higher than those in group 0 kPa, 500 kPa, and 600 kPa. Under different stress conditions, serum sIgA concentrations in PCSG, PSSG, and PPSG were significantly lower than that in BG ( F=4.852, P=0.007; F=4.918, P=0.007; F=3.967, P=0.017). The levels of serum and sublingual cortisol in PCSG and PPSG were significantly higher than those in BG, while the levels of serum and sublingual cortisol in PSSG were significantly lower than those in PCSG. Relevant research results showed that the changes of salivary gland cortisol and serum cortisol were positively correlated under different stress conditions ( r=0.609, P<0.01). Conclusion:Cortisol as a stress monitoring indicator has good effectiveness, and using saliva as an indicator to monitor stress under high pressure environment has a certain degree of feasibility.