摘要目的:探讨歼击机飞行员最大摄氧量（maximal oxygen uptake，VO 2max）及运动后心率恢复（heart rate recovery，HRR）值与抗荷能力的关系。 方法:通过整群抽样法选取90名歼击机飞行员，采用抗荷抗缺氧耐力检测仪和抗荷能力经验公式测量飞行员做抗荷动作时的+G z耐力提高值；采用25 W/min 功率递增速率方案，采集VO 2max和HRR值。根据VO 2max水平将飞行员分为低（水平较低的1/3人员）、中（水平居中的1/3人员）、高（水平较高的1/3人员）3个组，比较不同VO 2max水平飞行员运动后第1、2、3分钟HRR值及+G z耐力提高值的差异。分析HRR值与VO 2max、+G z耐力提高值的相关性。 结果:不同水平VO 2max飞行员运动后第2、3 分钟HRR值及+G z耐力提高值的差异有统计学意义（ F=7.65、10.64、10.28， P值均≤0.001）。运动后第1 分钟HRR值与VO 2max、+G z耐力提高值无明显相关性（ r=0.020、-0.017， P=0.852、0.871）；运动后第2 分钟HRR值与VO 2max呈正相关（ r=0.288， P=0.006），与+G z耐力提高值无明显相关性（ r=-0.017， P=0.150）；运动后第3 分钟HRR值与VO 2max、+G z耐力提高值呈正相关（ r=0.433、0.240， P<0.001、=0.023）。VO 2max与+G z耐力提高值呈正相关（ r=0.436， P<0.001）。 结论:VO 2max较高的飞行员通过抗荷动作提升+G z耐力的效果更加明显，运动后第3 分钟HRR值可作为一个敏感监测指标，用于预测飞行员的抗荷能力。

abstractsObjective:To explore the relationship among maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2max), heart rate recovery after exercise (HRR) and anti-G ability of fighter pilots. Methods:A total of 90 fighter pilots were selected by cluster sampling method, and the +G z tolerance that devoted by anti-G staining manoeuvre performing was predicted by anti-G and anti-hypoxia ability detector and G tolerance empirical formula. The values of VO 2max and HRR were collected under 25 W/min power increasing rate scheme. According to the level of VO 2max, pilots were divided into 3 groups: low level (the bottom third), intermediate level (the middle third) and high level (the top third). The differences of HRR value and +G z tolerance increment among the first, second and third minutes after exercise were compared among the pilots of different level of VO 2max. The correlation among the values of HRR, VO 2max and +G z tolerance increment were analyzed. Results:There were significant differences in the values of HRR and +G z tolerance increment at the second and the third minutes of exercise among the pilots with different VO 2max levels in 3 groups ( F=7.65, 10.64, 10.28, all P≤0.001). There was no obvious correlation between the values of HRR, VO 2max and +G z tolerance increment at the first minute after exercise ( r=0.020, -0.017, P=0.852, 0.871). The value of HRR at the second minute after exercise was positively correlated with VO 2max ( r=0.288, P=0.006), but not obviously with the +G z tolerance increment ( r=-0.017, P=0.150). The value of HRR value at the third minute was positively correlated with the increase of VO 2max and +G z tolerance increment ( r=0.433, 0.240, P<0.001, =0.023). VO 2max was positively correlated with the increase of +G z tolerance increment ( r=0.436, P<0.001). Conclusions:The increase of pilots′ VO 2max is conducive to the improvement of anti-G ability. The value of HRR at the third minute after exercise can be used as a sensitive monitoring index to predict pilot′s G-tolerance.