摘要目的:分析民航招飞体检鼻窦高分辨率CT（high resolution computerized tomography，HRCT）检查结果，为民航招飞和航空医学鉴定工作提供依据。方法:采用回顾性分析。选取2016年3月至2018年6月参加华东地区民航招飞耳鼻喉科体检，在民航上海医院行鼻窦HRCT检查的211例招飞学生的医学影像学资料。根据体检不合格原因分组，并比较招飞体检标准修改前后及采用不同治疗方法的慢性鼻窦炎学生体检不合格情况。结果:211例招飞学生中合格112例（53.08%）。不合格学生所患疾病排第1位的是慢性上颌窦炎+筛窦炎，构成比为37.37%。执行新招飞标准后鼻窦HRCT检查的不合格率明显升高，差异有统计学意义（ χ2=22.10， P<0.001）。37例既往有慢性鼻-鼻窦炎史的招飞学生中，保守治疗组和手术治疗组不合格人数差异无统计学意义（ P>0.05）。单纯中/下鼻甲肿大组、单纯鼻道积涕组和鼻甲水肿+鼻道积涕组不合格人数比较，差异有统计学意义（ χ2=10.88， P=0.004）。鼻中隔高位偏曲组不合格人数多于鼻中隔低位偏曲组，差异有统计学意义（Fisher精确检验值=0.08， P=0.040）。 结论:鼻窦HRCT检查仍是民航招飞耳鼻喉科必不可少的一种手段，在招飞体检中应正确掌握检查适应证以期提高招飞体检质量。

abstractsObjective:To provide references for civil aviation recruitment and aeromedical assessment by analyzing the results of high resolution computerized tomography(HRCT) of paranasal sinuses in civil aviation pilots recruitment.Methods:Retrospective analysis was used. The medical imaging data of 211 flying candidates in East China underwent HRCT examination of paranasal sinuses in the Civil Aviation Shanghai Hospital from March of 2016 to June of 2018 were selected. They were divided into groups according to the reasons of physical examination failure, and the physical examination failure status of flying candidates with chronic sinusitis who used different treatment methods before and after the revision of the medical examination standard for recruitment was compared.Results:Among the 211 flying candidates, 112 (53.08%) were qualified. The first disease among unqualified flying candidates was chronic maxillary sinusitis and ethmoid sinusitis, with a composition ratio of 37.37%. After implementing the new recruitment standard, the unqualified rate of sinus HRCT examination significantly increased, with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=22.10, P<0.001). Among 37 flying candidates with a history of chronic rhinitis and sinusitis, there was no significant difference in the number of unqualified between conservative treatment group and surgical treatment group ( P>0.05). There were significant differences in the number of unqualified among simple middle/lower turbinate enlargement group, simple nasal discharge group and nasal edema with nasal discharge group ( χ2=10.88, P=0.004). The number of unqualified in high deviation of nasal septum group was higher than that in low deviation of nasal septum group (Fisher exact value=0.08, P=0.040). Conclusions:HRCT examination of paranasal sinuses is still an important method in the otorhinolaryngology department of civil aviation recruitment. Indications should be correctly grasped in order to improve the quality of physical examination in civil aviation recruitment.