摘要复发风险中危的分化型甲状腺癌(DTC)患者术后行 131I治疗的主要目的是清除隐匿性病灶、减少DTC复发和转移、提高患者的无病生存率，这被称为辅助治疗，同时也兼具了清除残留甲状腺组织(简称清甲)的作用。2015年美国甲状腺协会(ATA)治疗指南建议复发风险中危的DTC患者选择性考虑行 131I治疗。该文对行与未行 131I治疗的复发风险中危DTC患者的相关文献进行综述，发现 131I对改善该类患者复发和生存的结论并不一致。中危患者除术后不明原因的高甲状腺球蛋白(Tg)血症外，尚无其他统一的临床病理特征可用于推荐行 131I治疗。

abstractsThe main goal of radioactive iodine (RAI) administrated for patients with indeterminate-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is removing occult microscopic residual disease after a total thyroidectomy, aiming to reduce recurrence and metastasis, then to improve disease-free survival. This treatment is called as adjuvant therapy, which also ablates the remnant thyroid tissue together. According to the current thyroid cancer management guidelines (2015 American Thyroid Association management guidelines), intermediate-risk patients can be selectively administered RAI. By reviewing articles about DTC patients with indeterminate-risk who underwent RAI or not after thyroidectomy, this article shows that there are inconsistent opinions on 131I decreasing recurrence and improving survival. In addition, apart from unexplained hyperthyroglobulinemia as an indication for 131I therapy, no other uniform clinicalpathological characteristics are recommended.