摘要目的:通过对国内外重症肺结核研究进行汇总分析，梳理重症肺结核的定义及其纳入标准。方法:计算机系统检索Medline、The Cochrane Library、Web of Science、Epistemonikos、Embase、中国知网、万方数据库和中国生物医学文献数据库，搜集在2017—2022年发表的研究对象为重症肺结核患者的研究。检索采用主题词与自由词结合的方式进行。检索词包括：结核、重症、呼吸衰竭、气胸、多器官功能衰竭、肺源性心脏病。提取纳入研究中的重症肺结核相关的定义及纳入标准。结果:从上述数据库中共获取19 981篇文献，最终共纳入100篇文献，共涉及8 309例重症肺结核患者。共8篇（8.00%）研究明确提及重症肺结核的定义，共53篇（53.00%）研究明确了重症肺结核患者的纳入标准。共提取到5种定义和30种纳入标准。纳入研究所关注的重症肺结核患者相关的结局指标中，共有132种二分类变量，113种连续型变量。结论:重症肺结核的定义和诊断标准尚不明确，亟须制订明确的定义及诊断标准，帮助指导临床实践。

abstractsObjective:To clarify the definition of severe pulmonary tuberculosis and its inclusion criteria by summarizing and analyzing the studies of severe pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).Methods:A systematic search of Medline (via PubMed), Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Web of Science, Epistemonikos, Embase, CNKI, WanFang database, and CBM database was conducted to collect studies published between 2017 and 2022 on patients with severe pulmonary TB. Searches were performed using a combination of subject terms and free words. The search terms included: tuberculosis, severe, serious, intensive care, critical care, respiratory failure, mechanical ventilation, hospitalization, respiratory distress syndrome, multiple organ failure, pulmonary heart disease, and pneumothorax. The definitions and inclusion criteria for severe pulmonary TB in the included studies were extracted.Results:A total of 19 981 studies were identified and 100 studies were finally included, involving 8 309 patients with severe pulmonary TB. A total of 8 (8.00%) studies explicitly mentioned the definition of severe pulmonary TB, and 53 (53.00%) studies clearly defined the inclusion criteria for patients with severe pulmonary TB. A total of 5 definitions and 30 inclusion criteria were extracted. A total of 132 dichotomous variables and 113 continuous variables were included in the outcome indicators related to patients with severe pulmonary TB of concern in the studies.Conclusions:The definition and diagnostic criteria for severe TB are unclear, and there is an urgent need to develop a clear definition and diagnostic criteria to guide clinical practice.