摘要本文报道1例HIV感染者合并感染极为少见的隐藏分枝杆菌的诊治过程，因隐藏分枝杆菌与结核分枝杆菌复合群有相似的同源序列区域而导致常规分枝杆菌菌种鉴定错误，经过16S rRNA一代测序后予以纠正。本报道旨在提高临床医生对隐藏分枝杆菌感染的认识，以及对非结核分枝杆菌病与结核病鉴别诊断的水平。

abstractsHere, we reported the diagnosis and treatment of a case of HIV infected person complicated by an extremely rare infection with Mycobacterium celatum. Due to the similarity of homologous sequence regions between Mycobacterium celatum and Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, the identification of conventional Mycobacterium species was incorrect, which was corrected after first-generation 16S rRNA sequencing. This report aimed to improve the clinical understanding of Mycobacterium celatum infection and the level of differential diagnosis between non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease and tuberculosis.